A nurse is caring for a client who has a urinary tract infection caused by Escherichia coli. The provider has ordered sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) for the client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply).
Monitor the client’s blood glucose level
Instruct the client to drink plenty of fluids
Advise the client to avoid sunlight exposure
Teach the client to take the medication with food
Check the client’s platelet count.
Correct Answer : B,C
The nurse should instruct the client to drink plenty of fluids and advise the client to avoid sunlight exposure when taking sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim). Drinking fluids can help prevent crystalluria and kidney damage caused by the medication. Avoiding sunlight exposure can prevent photosensitivity reactions that can cause skin rash, itching, or burning.
Choice A is wrong because sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim does not affect blood glucose levels. This is a possible side effect of some other antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones.
Choice D is wrong because sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim can be taken with or without food. Taking it with food may help reduce nausea or stomach upset, but it is not necessary.
Choice E is wrong because sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim does not affect platelet count. This is a possible side effect of some other antibiotics, such as penicillins or cephalosporins.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Amikacin (Amikin) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that binds to the30S ribosomal subunitof bacteria and interferes with protein synthesis by causingmRNA misreadingandinhibiting 30S subunit assembly.
Choice A is wrong because cefazolin (Zolicef) is a cephalosporin antibiotic that binds to thepenicillin-binding proteinsof bacteria and interferes with cell wall synthesis by inhibitingpeptidoglycan cross-linking.
Choice C is wrong because ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that binds to theDNA gyraseandtopoisomerase IVof bacteria and interferes with DNA replication by inhibitingDNA supercoiling.
Choice D is wrong because penicillin G (Pfizerpen) is a beta-lactam antibiotic that binds to thepenicillin-binding proteinsof bacteria and interferes with cell wall synthesis by inhibitingpeptidoglycan cross-linking.
Normal ranges for 30S ribosomal subunit are not applicable as it is a bacterial structure.
Normal ranges for antibiotics depend on the type, dose, route, frequency and duration of administration as well as the patient’s age, weight, renal function and infection site and severity.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The nurse should monitor the serum creatinine level of the client who is receiving gentamicin because this medication can cause nephrotoxicity, which is damage to the kidneys.Serum creatinine is a marker of kidney function and it should be within the normal range of 0.6 to 1.2 mg/dL for adults.
If the serum creatinine level increases, it indicates that the kidneys are not filtering the waste products properly and the dose of gentamicin may need to be adjusted or discontinued.
Choice B. Serum potassium is wrong because gentamicin does not affect the potassium level in the blood.Potassium is an electrolyte that regulates the nerve and muscle function and it should be within the normal range of 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L for adults.Abnormal potassium levels can be caused by other factors such as dehydration, kidney disease, diuretics, or acid-base imbalance.
Choice C. Serum albumin is wrong because gentamicin does not affect the albumin level in the blood.Albumin is a protein that helps maintain fluid balance and transport substances in the blood and it should be within the normal range of 3.5 to 5.0 g/dL for adults.Low albumin levels can be caused by other factors such as malnutrition, liver disease, inflammation, or blood loss.
Choice D. Serum bilirubin is wrong because gentamicin does not affect the bilirubin level in the blood.Bilirubin is a waste product of red blood cell breakdown and it should be within the normal range of 0.1 to 1.2 mg/dL for adults.
High bilirubin levels can be caused by other factors such as hemolysis, liver
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