A nurse is caring for a client who has acute pancreatitis. After treating the client’s pain, which of the following should the nurse address as the priority intervention?

Choice A reason: Diuretic use

Diuretic use can influence the formation of kidney stones, particularly certain types of diuretics that increase calcium excretion in the urine. However, this is not the most common or significant risk factor compared to others like family history or dietary habits. Diuretics such as loop diuretics can increase the risk of calcium stones by increasing calcium excretion.

Choice B reason: BMI less than 25

A BMI less than 25 is generally considered within the normal range and is not typically associated with an increased risk of urolithiasis. In fact, obesity is a more significant risk factor for kidney stones. Higher BMI is linked to increased excretion of stone-forming substances like calcium and oxalate.

Choice C reason: Hypocalcemia

Hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels in the blood, is not a common risk factor for urolithiasis. In fact, low dietary calcium can increase the risk of kidney stones because it leads to higher oxalate absorption in the gut, which can then form stones in the kidneys. Therefore, hypocalcemia is not typically associated with an increased risk of kidney stones.

Choice D reason: Family history

Family history is a significant risk factor for urolithiasis. If a close relative has had kidney stones, the likelihood of developing them increases. This is due to genetic predispositions that affect factors like urine composition and kidney function. Studies have shown that individuals with a family history of kidney stones are more likely to develop them themselves.

Choice A reason:

The statement “Long attention span” is generally not associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with ASD often have difficulty maintaining attention on tasks or activities, especially those that do not interest them. They may exhibit hyperfocus on specific interests but typically struggle with sustained attention in other areas.

Choice B reason:

The statement “Delayed language development” is a common characteristic of ASD. Many children with autism experience delays in speech and language skills. They may have difficulty with verbal communication, understanding language, and using language in social contexts. This delay can vary widely among individuals with ASD.

Choice C reason:

The statement “Speaking with direct eye contact” is not typically associated with ASD. Children with autism often avoid direct eye contact and may find it uncomfortable or overwhelming. They might look away or use peripheral vision instead of making direct eye contact during conversations.

Choice D reason:

The statement “Repetitive behavior” is a hallmark of ASD. Children with autism often engage in repetitive behaviors, such as hand-flapping, rocking, or repeating certain actions or phrases. These behaviors can be a way to self-soothe or cope with sensory overload.

Choice E reason:

The statement “Playing with toys repetitively” is also characteristic of ASD. Children with autism may play with toys in a repetitive manner, such as lining them up, spinning them, or focusing on specific parts of the toy rather than using them in imaginative play. This repetitive play is part of the broader pattern of repetitive behaviors seen in ASD.