A nurse is caring for a client who has aphasia following a stroke. A family member asks the nurse how she should communicate with the client. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

"Use simple, childlike statements when speaking."

"Incorporate nonverbal cues in the conversation."

"Use a higher-pitched tone of voice when speaking."

"Ask multiple choice questions as part of the conversation."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Aphasia is a language disorder that aﬀects the ability to understand or produce speech. It can be caused by damage to the brain regions that control language, such as from a stroke. Depending on the type and severity of aphasia, the client may have difficulty with comprehension, expression, reading, or writing. Communication strategies for clients with aphasia include using nonverbal cues, such as gestures, facial expressions, pictures, or objects, to supplement verbal messages and enhance understanding.

The other options are not correct because:

a. "Use simple, childlike statements when speaking." This statement is incorrect because it is patronizing and disrespectful to the client. The client's cognitive and intellectual abilities are not aﬀected by aphasia, only their language skills. The nurse should use simple and clear sentences, but not childish or demeaning ones.

c. "Use a higher-pitched tone of voice when speaking." This statement is incorrect because it is unnecessary and may be irritating to the client. The client's hearing is not aﬀected by aphasia, only their language processing. The nurse should use a normal tone of voice and speak slowly and clearly.

d. "Ask multiple choice questions as part of the conversation." This statement is incorrect because it may be confusing and frustrating to the client. The client may have difficulty with verbal output or comprehension, and

multiple choice questions may add to their cognitive load. The nurse should ask yes or no questions or use gestures or pictures to elicit responses from the client.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A: Vertigo is a common finding in clients with essential hypertension due to changes in blood flow and possible impacts on the inner ear, which can affect balance.
B: Blurred vision, while it can be associated with hypertension, is not as directly related to essential hypertension as vertigo is. It is more commonly a sign of complications from prolonged uncontrolled hypertension.
C: Dyspnea or difficulty breathing is not typically a direct symptom of essential hypertension, though it can be a symptom of complications such as heart failure, which can be a result of long-standing, uncontrolled hypertension.
D: Uremia, which is an elevated level of waste products in the blood, is not a symptom of essential hypertension but rather a sign of kidney failure, which can be a secondary complication of chronic hypertension. Essential hypertension itself does not directly cause uremia.

A. Dependent edema B. Frothy sputum C. Nocturnal polyuria D. Jugular distention

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Frothy sputum is a sign of left-sided heart failure, due to the pulmonary congestion and impaired gas exchange. The sputum may be pink-tinged or blood-streaked, indicating pulmonary edema.

a. Dependent edema is more likely to be seen in clients who have right-sided heart failure, due to the increased venous pressure and ﬂuid retention. The edema is usually symmetrical and aﬀects the lower extremities, abdomen, and sometimes the face.

c. Nocturnal polyuria is not a specific finding of left-sided heart failure, but it may occur in clients who have renal impairment, diabetes mellitus, or diuretic therapy.

d. Jugular distention is another sign of right-sided heart failure, due to the increased central venous pressure and backward ﬂow of blood into the superior vena cava. It is visible as a bulging of the neck veins, especially when the client is in a semi-Fowler's position.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has aphasia following a stroke. A family member asks the nurse how she should communicate with the client. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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