A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and has started taking a loop diuretic.
Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication?

Decreased reflexes

Weight gain of 1.4 kg (3 lb)

Increased urinary output

Jugular vein distention

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale for A: Decreased reflexes can indicate hypokalemia, an adverse effect of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics increase the excretion of potassium, which can lead to low potassium levels, manifesting as muscle weakness and diminished reflexes.

Rationale for B: Weight gain, especially in the context of heart failure, suggests fluid retention rather than an adverse effect of a loop diuretic, which is expected to reduce fluid retention by promoting diuresis.

Rationale for C: Increased urinary output is an expected effect of loop diuretics, as they are used to remove excess fluid. This would not be considered an adverse effect unless it leads to dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.

Rationale for D: Jugular vein distention indicates fluid overload, which would suggest that the diuretic is not effective or that the heart failure is worsening. It is not a direct adverse effect of the medication itself.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A blood pressure of 94/68 mm Hg is within the normal range for a 7-year-old child and may indicate compensated dehydration rather than severe dehydration.

B. A urinary output of 30 mL/hr is insufficient and may indicate dehydration, but it does not specifically indicate severe dehydration.

C. A respiratory rate of 24/min is within the normal range for a 7-year-old child and is not specifically indicative of severe dehydration.

D. Tachycardia (heart rate >100 beats per minute) is a common finding in severe dehydration as the body attempts to compensate for decreased blood volume by increasing heart rate.

A. A client who is 2 days postpartum and whose fundus is 2 fingerbreadths below the umbilicus B. A client who is 1 day postpartum and has not voided in 8 hr C. A client who is 3 days postpartum and has not had a bowel movement since prior to admission D. A client who is 4 days postpartum and has lochia serosa

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A fundal height of 2 fingerbreadths below the umbilicus in a client who is 2 days postpartum is within the expected range for that time frame and does not require immediate assessment.

B. A client who is 1 day postpartum and has not voided in 8 hours may be at risk for urinary retention, which can lead to complications such as bladder distension or urinary tract infection. Prompt assessment and intervention are needed.

C. Not having a bowel movement since prior to admission is not an urgent concern in the

immediate postpartum period, especially if the client is otherwise stable and not experiencing discomfort or other symptoms.

D. Lochia serosa, which is the normal vaginal discharge that occurs 3 to 10 days postpartum, is not an urgent concern and does not require immediate assessment.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and has started taking a loop diuretic. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and has started taking a loop diuretic.
Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication?