A nurse is caring for a client who has paranoid personality disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.).
Perceives himself as inferior to others.
Desires to be the center of attention.
Believes that others are deceiving him.
Continuously holds onto grudges.
Exhibits a grandiose sense of self-importance.
Correct Answer : C,D
The correct answer is choice c. Believes that others are deceiving him, and choice d. Continuously holds onto grudges
Choice A rationale:
Perceiving oneself as inferior to others is more characteristic of avoidant personality disorder, where individuals often avoid social situations due to feelings of inadequacy and fear of rejection.
Choice B rationale:
Desiring to be the center of attention is a trait often seen in histrionic personality disorder, where individuals crave attention and may use dramatic behavior to achieve it.
Choice C rationale:
Individuals with paranoid personality disorder tend to have a pervasive and unjustified mistrust of others. They often believe that others are deceiving, exploiting, or harming them, even in the absence of evidence to support these beliefs. This mistrust is a central characteristic of this disorder.
Choice D rationale:
Continuously holding onto grudges is another hallmark feature of paranoid personality disorder. These individuals are prone to bearing grudges and being unforgiving, as they are hypersensitive to perceived slights or insults.
Choice E rationale:
Exhibiting a grandiose sense of self-importance is more characteristic of narcissistic personality disorder, where individuals have an inflated sense of their own importance and often lack empathy for others.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Answer is d. Situational.
a. Maturational crisis: This type of crisis occurs in response to life transitions or developmental stages, such as marriage, parenthood, retirement, or aging. It involves challenges related to adjusting to new roles, responsibilities, or expectations. However, the client's denial of a new HIV diagnosis and refusal of treatment do not align with the characteristics of a maturational crisis, as it pertains to planned life events rather than unexpected health crises.
b. Adventitious crisis: Adventitious crises are caused by events that are unplanned, unexpected, and often traumatic, such as natural disasters, accidents, or crimes. These crises can affect individuals, families, or communities and may result in significant psychological distress and disruption. However, the client's denial of an HIV diagnosis does not fit the criteria for an adventitious crisis, as it is a personal health issue rather than an external event affecting a broader population.
c. Internal crisis: While internal struggles and conflicts can contribute to a person's overall crisis experience, "internal crisis" is not a recognized category within the context of nursing crises. Internal factors such as psychological distress, unresolved trauma, or maladaptive coping mechanisms may exacerbate crisis situations, but they are typically addressed within the framework of other crisis categories such as situational, maturational, or existential crises.
d. Situational crisis: Correct. A situational crisis arises from an external event or situation that the individual finds overwhelming, threatening, or challenging to cope with. In this scenario, the client's denial of their HIV diagnosis and refusal of treatment represent a situational crisis as it stems from the unexpected news of their health condition. The client's perception of the diagnosis as threatening or inconceivable leads to emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms, which can hinder their ability to accept and manage their medical condition effectively.
In summary, the correct answer is d because the client's denial of their HIV diagnosis and refusal of treatment align with the characteristics of a situational crisis, which arises from an external event that the individual perceives as overwhelming or threatening. Understanding the nature of the crisis can guide the nurse in providing appropriate support, education, and intervention to help the client navigate through this challenging time and make informed decisions regarding their healthcare.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Telling the parents that they should not feel guilty might invalidate their emotions and discourage open communication. It's essential to acknowledge their feelings and address them empathetically.
Choice B rationale:
This choice demonstrates therapeutic communication and empathy. It encourages the parents to express their feelings, and the nurse is offering to listen and explore the reasons behind their guilt.
Choice C rationale:
This statement seems confrontational and may discourage the parents from sharing their emotions openly. Asking why they feel guilty immediately might put them on the defensive.
Choice D rationale:
While this statement acknowledges the difficulty of the situation, it ends with a premature reassurance that may not be well-received. The parents need space to discuss their feelings before focusing on the future.
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