A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day.

Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride.

Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet.

Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

a. Restrict oral fluids to 800 to 1,000 mL/day: Hyponatremia is a characteristic finding in SIADH, and fluid restriction is a key intervention to correct the imbalance.

b. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride: Infusing hypertonic (3%) saline may be indicated in severe cases of hyponatremia, but the initial step is fluid restriction.

c. Ensure the client receives a 2 g/day sodium diet: Dietary sodium restriction is not the primary intervention for SIADH. Fluid restriction is more critical.

d. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally: Desmopressin acetate is an antidiuretic

hormone and would exacerbate the retention of water, further decreasing sodium levels. It is not the appropriate intervention for this client.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a. Circular, erythematous patches on the scalp: This description is more indicative of tinea capitis, a fungal infection affecting the scalp.

b. Recent exposure to poison ivy: Poison ivy exposure would result in a contact dermatitis rash, not tinea pedis.

c. Scaling and redness between the toes: Tinea pedis, also known as athlete's foot, commonly presents with scaling, redness, and itching between the toes.

d. A recent prescription for an antiseizure medication: Antiseizure medications are not associated with the development of tinea pedis.

A. Eating dinner early in the evening B. Sleeping on a large wedge-style pillow C. Consuming low-fat meats D. Drinking orange juice regularly

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a. Eating dinner early in the evening: Eating dinner early can actually be a positive factor in preventing heartburn by allowing more time for digestion before lying down.

b. Sleeping on a large wedge-style pillow: Elevating the upper body can help prevent acid reflux, so sleeping on a wedge-style pillow may be a helpful strategy.

c. Consuming low-fat meats: Low-fat meats are less likely to contribute to heartburn compared to high-fat meats.

d. Drinking orange juice regularly: Orange juice is acidic and can contribute to heartburn,

especially if consumed regularly. The acid content can irritate the esophagus and worsen GERD symptoms.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

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