A nurse is caring for a client who has uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Weight loss

Hematuria

Bradycardia

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:
Weight loss is a common finding in individuals with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Due to the lack of insulin, the body cannot utilize glucose effectively, leading to the breakdown of body fat and muscle for energy, resulting in weight loss.

Choice B reason:
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is not a typical finding associated with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. While diabetes can cause kidney damage over time, leading to proteinuria, hematuria would not be an expected finding solely due to uncontrolled diabetes.

Choice C reason:
Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not a common finding in uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. In fact, diabetes can sometimes cause autonomic neuropathy, which can affect the heart rate, but this typically does not result in bradycardia.

Choice D reason:
Hypertension is more commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, often due to insulin resistance. In type 1 diabetes, especially when uncontrolled, hypertension is not a typical finding unless there is coexisting kidney damage.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Hypertension is not typically an early manifestation of fat embolism syndrome (FES). FES is more commonly associated with hypoxemia, which can lead to hypotension rather than hypertension².

Choice B reason:
While a swollen calf may indicate deep vein thrombosis, it is not an early sign of FES. FES primarily affects the lungs and neurological systems early on, rather than causing localized swelling such as in a calf².

Choice C reason:
Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is indeed an early sign of FES. This symptom usually develops before others and is due to the fat globules causing respiratory distress by blocking the pulmonary microcirculation²³⁴.

Choice D reason:
Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not an early sign of FES. Instead, patients may experience tachycardia as a response to hypoxemia and respiratory distress².

A. The prosthesis will be adjustable depending on what shoe you are wearing. B. "You will do special exercises in advance of getting your prosthesis." C. You will be fitted for your prosthesis at the time of surgery. D. A special pressure dressing will remain on to cushion your prosthesis. E. A special pressure dressing will remain on to cushion your prosthesis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
The statement that the prosthesis will be adjustable depending on what shoe you are wearing is not accurate. Prostheses are custom-made to fit the individual and are not typically adjustable to different shoe types. The fit and alignment of the prosthesis are crucial for comfort and function, and these are not dependent on the footwear.

Choice B reason:
It is true that clients will need to do special exercises in advance of getting their prosthesis. These exercises are designed to strengthen the remaining limb and prepare the body for the use of a prosthesis. They are an essential part of rehabilitation and help ensure the best possible outcome for the client.

Choice C reason:
Clients are not fitted for their prosthesis at the time of surgery. Fitting for a prosthesis typically occurs after the residual limb has sufficiently healed, which can take several weeks. The fitting process involves careful measurement and customization to ensure the prosthesis will be comfortable and functional.

Choice D reason:
While a special dressing is applied postoperatively, its primary purpose is not to cushion the prosthesis. Initially, dressings are used to protect the surgical site, control swelling, and promote healing. The prosthesis is fitted after the residual limb has healed, and at that time, different types of socket liners may be used for cushioning.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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