A nurse is caring for a client who has uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Weight loss

Hematuria

Bradycardia

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:
Weight loss is a common finding in individuals with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Due to the lack of insulin, the body cannot utilize glucose effectively, leading to the breakdown of body fat and muscle for energy, resulting in weight loss.

Choice B reason:
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is not a typical finding associated with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. While diabetes can cause kidney damage over time, leading to proteinuria, hematuria would not be an expected finding solely due to uncontrolled diabetes.

Choice C reason:
Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not a common finding in uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. In fact, diabetes can sometimes cause autonomic neuropathy, which can affect the heart rate, but this typically does not result in bradycardia.

Choice D reason:
Hypertension is more commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, often due to insulin resistance. In type 1 diabetes, especially when uncontrolled, hypertension is not a typical finding unless there is coexisting kidney damage.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Using an antibiotic ointment is not typically recommended as a preventive measure for skin integrity during radiation therapy. Antibiotic ointments are used to treat bacterial infections, and their use should be directed by a healthcare provider if an infection is present or there is skin breakdown.

Choice B reason:
It is important not to apply heat to the area of irradiation as heat can increase skin irritation and the risk of burns in the treated area. Patients undergoing radiation therapy are advised to avoid heat sources, including heating pads, hot water bottles, and direct sunlight, to prevent further damage to the skin.

Choice C reason:
Lubricating the skin with hypoallergenic lotion can help maintain skin integrity by keeping it moisturized. However, it is crucial to use lotions that are free of metals, alcohol, perfumes, and dyes, as these can react with radiation and cause skin irritation. Lotions should be applied after radiation therapy sessions and not immediately before treatment.

Choice D reason:
The instruction not to wash the area of irradiation is incorrect. It is essential to keep the skin clean to reduce the risk of infection. Patients should gently wash the irradiated area with lukewarm water and mild soap, and pat the area dry with a soft towel. They should avoid scrubbing or using harsh soaps that can irritate the skin.

A. "There are no ill effects associated with the use of herbal therapies." B. "Many herbal products have not undergone long-term testing for safety and efficacy." C. "Herbal therapies have no benefits and will not help your discomfort." D. "You should begin immediately as they will help you."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
This statement is misleading. While many herbal therapies are generally considered safe, they can have side effects and interact with other medications. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new herbal therapy.

Choice B reason:
This statement is accurate. Many herbal products have not been subjected to rigorous long-term testing that is required for conventional medications. Therefore, their long-term safety and efficacy profiles are not always well-established.

Choice C reason:
This statement is incorrect. Some herbal therapies have been found to be beneficial in reducing menopausal discomfort, such as hot flashes and night sweats. However, their effectiveness can vary from person to person.

Choice D reason:
This statement is not advisable without further assessment. While some herbal therapies may help with menopausal symptoms, it is important for the client to discuss with a healthcare provider to consider personal health history, potential side effects, and interactions with other medications.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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