A nurse is assessing a client who has a rotator cuff injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Difficulty with abduction of the arm at the shoulder.

Alteration in the contour of the joint.

Positive Tinel's sign.

Negative drop arm test.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:
Difficulty with abduction of the arm at the shoulder is a common finding in clients with a rotator cuff injury. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder joint and facilitate its movement. When these muscles or tendons are injured, movements such as lifting the arm away from the body (abduction) can become painful and difficult.

Choice B reason:
Alteration in the contour of the joint is not typically associated with a rotator cuff injury. This finding is more indicative of conditions that cause changes in the bone structure, such as arthritis or dislocation.

Choice C reason:
A positive Tinel's sign is used to diagnose nerve compression or nerve damage, particularly in conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome. It is not a test used to assess rotator cuff injuries.

Choice D reason:
A negative drop arm test would suggest that the client does not have a rotator cuff injury. The drop arm test is performed by having the client lift the arm to 90 degrees and then slowly lower it. If the client can control the motion and lower the arm smoothly, the test is negative. A positive drop arm test, where the client cannot control the descent of the arm, would indicate a rotator cuff injury.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Thyroid hormones, particularly when taken in excess, can lead to bone loss and increase the risk of osteoporosis. This is because thyroid hormones can stimulate bone resorption, which is the process where bone tissue is broken down and the minerals are released into the bloodstream.

Choice B reason:
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) are not typically associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis. While long-term use of NSAIDs can have various side effects, they do not directly contribute to bone density loss or osteoporosis.

Choice C reason:
Anticoagulants, such as warfarin, have been associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. However, the evidence is not as strong as it is for other medications like corticosteroids or thyroid hormones.

Choice D reason:
Cardiac glycosides, used to treat heart conditions, have not been shown to be a direct risk factor for osteoporosis. While they affect heart muscle contractions, they do not have a known impact on bone metabolism.

A. Raloxifene B. Calcitonin C. Allopurinol D. Levothyroxine

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice a) Raloxifene:
Raloxifene is part of a class of drugs known as selective estrogen-receptor modulators (SERMs). It works by imitating the beneficial effects of the hormone estrogen on your bones, helping to prevent bone loss and improve density. Therefore, it is used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Choice b) Calcitonin:
Calcitonin is a hormone that a person’s thyroid gland produces. It helps regulate the amount of calcium in the body. For the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, scientists typically extract calcitonin from salmon. This is because salmon calcitonin has a much higher potency than human calcitonin. Osteoclasts are cells in the body that degrade bone. Calcitonin can inhibit osteoclasts. This helps slow the loss of bone density and increases bone mass, hindering the progression of osteoporosis.

Choice c) Allopurinol:
Allopurinol is primarily used to treat gout and certain types of kidney stones. It is not typically used in the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis.

Choice d) Levothyroxine:
Levothyroxine is used to treat hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). It is not typically used in the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. However, if you are prescribed levothyroxine you should have regular blood tests, at least once a year, to ensure your thyroid hormone levels are not too high. Continuous high thyroid hormone levels may lead to developing or worsening of low bone density and osteoporosis.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has a rotator cuff injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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