A nurse is caring for a client who is deficient in vitamin C. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following?

Skin breakdown

Hypertension

Tachycardia

Kidney stones

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Vitamin C deficiency, also known as scurvy, can lead to impaired collagen synthesis, which is essential for maintaining the integrity of connective tissues, including the skin. Without an adequate supply of vitamin C, the skin becomes fragile and prone to breakdown, leading to the development of ulcers and wounds.

B.   Hypertension is not directly associated with vitamin C deficiency. However, vitamin C deficiency may indirectly contribute to hypertension due to its role in maintaining blood vessel health and endothelial function.
C.   Tachycardia is not directly associated with vitamin C deficiency. However, severe vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) can lead to fatigue and weakness, which may result in an increased heart rate as the body tries to compensate for reduced oxygen delivery to tissues.
D.   Kidney stones are not typically associated with vitamin C deficiency. However, excessive intake of vitamin C supplements may increase the risk of kidney stone formation in susceptible individuals due to the conversion of vitamin C into oxalate, which can contribute to stone formation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hemoglobin levels primarily reflect the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells and are not specific to nutritional status.
B. Transferrin levels reflect iron-binding capacity and may be influenced by factors other than nutrition.
C. Prealbumin levels have a shorter half-life compared to total albumin and can provide a more immediate assessment of nutritional status and the effectiveness of TPN in the short term.
D. Total albumin levels reflect longer-term protein status and may not change significantly in the short term with TPN administration.

A. "Limit sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day." B. "Consume foods that are high in calcium." C. "Increase intake of refined carbohydrates." D. "Consume ten percent of total calories from saturated fat."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The DASH diet recommends limiting sodium intake to 2,300 milligrams per day for most individuals and further reducing it to 1,500 milligrams per day for those with hypertension or at high risk for it. Therefore, the instruction to limit sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day is not consistent with DASH diet recommendations.
B. The DASH diet emphasizes consumption of foods rich in calcium, such as low-fat dairy products, as part of its overall approach to promoting heart health and lowering blood pressure.
C. The DASH diet encourages consumption of whole grains and limits intake of refined carbohydrates, as these can contribute to hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors.
D. The DASH diet recommends limiting saturated fat intake to less than 6% of total calories, rather than ten percent, as part of its emphasis on heart-healthy eating patterns.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is deficient in vitamin C. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following?

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