A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the client's manifestations?
Inability to exhale retained carbon dioxide
Acute loss of alveolar elasticity
Decreased responsiveness of airways to allergens
Suppressed bronchiolar inflammatory response
The Correct Answer is A
An acute asthma attack is a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms, such as coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest, and difficulty breathing. These symptoms happen because the airways in the lungs become narrow, irritated, swollen, and produce excess mucus.
An asthma attack can be triggered by various factors, such as allergic reactions, respiratory infections, tobacco smoke, cold air, and exercise. These triggers cause the immune system to react and release chemicals that cause inflammation and constriction of the airways.
Based on this information, the best answer to the question is a. Inability to exhale retained carbon dioxide. This is because during an asthma attack, the narrowed airways make it harder to exhale the air from the lungs, which leads to a buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood. This can worsen the symptoms and cause acidosis, a condition where the blood becomes too acidic.
The other options are not correct because:
b. Acute loss of alveolar elasticity is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a consequence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a different lung condition that involves damage to the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs.
c. Decreased responsiveness of airways to allergens is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a goal of asthma treatment. Asthma medications aim to reduce the sensitivity and inflammation of the airways to prevent or reduce the frequency and severity of asthma attacks.
d. Suppressed bronchiolar inflammatory response is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a potential side effect of some asthma medications, such as corticosteroids. These drugs can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infections in the airways.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The nurse should contact the local Department of Health and Human Services for the client, as this agency may be able to provide assistance with heating costs or other resources for low-income individuals.
Older adults are at increased risk of hypothermia, which is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when body temperature drops below 35° C (95° F). Hypothermia can be caused by exposure to cold temperatures, inadequate clothing, poor nutrition, chronic illness, or medication use. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to intervene and help the client maintain a safe and comfortable home environment.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Allow the client to sign the consent with an X. The client has the right to give informed consent if they understand the procedure and its risks and benefits, even if they cannot read or write. The nurse should witness and document the client's signature with an X and verify their identity and understanding. The other options are not appropriate because they violate the client's autonomy and dignity.
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