A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with cancer. Which of the following nursing interventions to maximize successful coping to the treatment plan should the nurse initiate at this time? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Encourage the client to express feelings and concerns

Tell the client what coping skills he should use

Assist the client with time management and priorities

Allow the client input into the treatment plan

Provide extensive instructions about the client's treatment plan and prognosis

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. This intervention promotes emotional expression and allows the client to verbalize their fears, worries, and uncertainties related to the cancer diagnosis. Encouraging the client to express their feelings fosters a sense of emotional support, validation, and empathy, which are essential for coping with the emotional impact of the diagnosis.
C. Cancer diagnosis and treatment often involve multiple appointments, tests, and treatments, which can be overwhelming for the client. Assisting the client with time management and priorities can help alleviate stress and enhance coping by providing structure, organization, and support in managing the demands of the treatment plan and daily life responsibilities.
D. Involving the client in decision-making and allowing them input into the treatment plan empowers the client and promotes a sense of control and autonomy over their care. Collaborative decision-making enhances the client's engagement, adherence, and satisfaction with the treatment plan, which are essential for successful coping and treatment outcomes.
B. Telling the client what coping skills to use may not be the most effective approach, as it disregards the individuality of the client's coping mechanisms and preferences. Instead, the nurse should explore with the client what coping strategies they have used in the past and provide guidance and support in identifying and implementing effective coping strategies that align with the client's needs and preferences.
E. Providing extensive instructions about the treatment plan and prognosis is important for promoting understanding, informed decision-making, and adherence to the treatment plan. However, the timing and amount of information should be tailored to the client's readiness and preferences. Too much information too soon may overwhelm the client and hinder coping, while inadequate information may lead to uncertainty and anxiety. Therefore, the nurse should provide information in a clear, empathetic, and supportive manner, ensuring that the client's informational needs are met while respecting their emotional readiness.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. These are indicative of inflammation within the vein, which is characteristic of phlebitis. Warmth is a common sign of inflammation, and the palpable cord suggests that the vein may be hardened or cord- like due to inflammation and irritation.
B. While this could indicate some form of vascular injury or extravasation, it is not a typical presentation of phlebitis. Phlebitis involves inflammation of the vein, which may cause redness, warmth, and tenderness along the course of the vein, but it typically does not manifest as a raised ecchymotic (bruised) area.
C. Swelling occurs due to inflammation within the vein, and tenderness is often present as a result of the irritation and inflammation. These symptoms are commonly observed in cases of phlebitis but are not specific.
D. These are not typical signs of phlebitis. Blanching (turning white) and coolness of the skin may suggest reduced blood flow to the area, which could occur in cases of ischemia or thrombosis but are not characteristic of phlebitis.

A. higher than the piggyback medication. B. lower than the piggyback medication. C. at the same height as the the piggyback bag. D. lower than the IV insertion site.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Positioning the primary IV solution bag higher than the piggyback medication bag creates a pressure gradient, allowing the primary solution to infuse first. Once the primary solution has finished, the secondary piggyback medication automatically starts infusing. This setup ensures that the primary solution is fully infused before the piggyback medication begins.
B. Placing the primary IV solution bag lower than the piggyback medication bag is not the standard practice. This setup would create a pressure gradient that could result in the piggyback medication infusing before the primary solution, which is not desirable. It could lead to incomplete infusion of the primary solution and compromise the effectiveness of the treatment.
C. Positioning the primary IV solution bag at the same height as the piggyback bag does not create a pressure gradient for sequential infusion. As a result, both solutions would flow at the same rate, and it would be challenging to control the order of infusion. This setup is not appropriate for administering IV antibiotics via piggyback because it does not ensure the proper sequence of infusion.
D. The height of the IV solution relative to the insertion site is essential for proper infusion and preventing complications such as infiltration or phlebitis. Ideally, the IV solution should be hung at a height that allows for a gentle flow of fluid into the vein without causing excessive pressure or backflow. Placing the IV solution lower than the insertion site helps facilitate gravity-assisted flow into the vein.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with cancer. Which of the following nursing interventions to maximize successful coping to the treatment plan should the nurse initiate at this time? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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