A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed via intravenous (IV) route to treat a bacterial infection. The nurse understands that cefepime is a cephalosporin. and each generation of this medication class is more likely to reach the cerebrospinal fluid and is more effective against gram-negative organisms and anaerobes. What generation of cephalosporin is cefepime?

Second

Fourth

First

Third

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect: Second-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cefuroxime) have moderate gram-negative coverage but do not penetrate the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as effectively.

B. Correct: Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin with broad-spectrum activity, better gram-negative coverage, and improved CSF penetration.

C. Incorrect: First-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cephalexin) mainly target gram-positive bacteria.

D. Incorrect: Third-generation cephalosporins (e.g., ceftriaxone) have better gram-negative coverage but less resistance to β-lactamases compared to fourth-generation cephalosporins.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect: COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme inhibition is the mechanism of NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen), not gentamicin.

B. Incorrect: This describes the mechanism of ACE inhibitors (e.g., enalapril), not gentamicin.

C. Correct: Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death.

D. Incorrect: This describes the action of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), not gentamicin.

A. Acyclovir B. Metronidazole C. Isoniazid D. Cefepime

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Correct: Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat herpes zoster (shingles) by reducing the severity and duration of symptoms.

B. Incorrect: Metronidazole is an antibacterial and antiprotozoal drug, not used for viral infections.

C. Incorrect: Isoniazid is used for tuberculosis, not herpes zoster.

D. Incorrect: Cefepime is a cephalosporin antibiotic used for bacterial infections, not viral infections.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is starting a course of gentamicin IV for a bacterial infection. Which of the following is the correct expected pharmacological action for this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of herpes zoster. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate providing to this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed with azithromycin for pertussis. Which of the following is a complication of this medication that can cause cardiac dysrhythmias?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a cerebrospinal fluid infection with gram-negative bacteria. Which of the following cephalosporins should the nurse expect to administer via the intravenous (IV) route to treat this infection?

A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a course of metronidazole to treat a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Which of the following responses by the nurse should be included in the client education of this medication?

A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a female client who has a prescription for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A nurse is teaching a client who has a severe urinary tract infection (UTI) and is taking ciprofloxacin. Which of the following information about adverse reactions should the nurse include? (Select All That Apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client starting a course of gentamicin IV for a serious respiratory infection. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of this medication? (Select All That Apply.).

A nurse is preparing to administer a drug via an intramuscular (IM) route to an adult client who has a bacterial infection. Which actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select All That Apply.)

Which of the following medications are considered antibiotics to treat infections? (Select All that Apply)