A nurse is implementing a plan of care for a client who has a cough with sputum. The nurse suspects that the client has a respiratory infection. What is the nurse's priority?

Teach the client about the use of incentive spirometer.

Monitor the client for cough.

Obtain a sputum culture.

Administer an antibiotic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Incorrect: Teaching about an incentive spirometer is important for lung expansion but is not the priority before confirming the infection.

B. Incorrect: Monitoring the cough is essential but does not directly lead to a diagnosis.

C. Correct: A sputum culture should be obtained before administering antibiotics to ensure appropriate treatment based on pathogen identification.

D. Incorrect: Administering an antibiotic is important but should be done after obtaining a sputum culture to ensure proper selection of the antimicrobial agent.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect: Second-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cefuroxime) have moderate gram-negative coverage but do not penetrate the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as effectively.

B. Correct: Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin with broad-spectrum activity, better gram-negative coverage, and improved CSF penetration.

C. Incorrect: First-generation cephalosporins (e.g., cephalexin) mainly target gram-positive bacteria.

D. Incorrect: Third-generation cephalosporins (e.g., ceftriaxone) have better gram-negative coverage but less resistance to β-lactamases compared to fourth-generation cephalosporins.

A. Blood creatinine B. Blood culture C. Urine culture and sensitivity D. Complete Blood Count (CBC)

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect – Blood creatinine: Measures kidney function but does not diagnose UTIs or identify the causative organism.

B. Incorrect – Blood culture: Used to detect bacteria in the bloodstream (e.g., sepsis) but does not identify a UTI-causing pathogen.

C. Correct – Urine culture and sensitivity: This test identifies the specific bacteria causing the UTI and determines which antibiotics will be most effective for treatment.

D. Incorrect – Complete Blood Count (CBC): Can show elevated WBCs, indicating infection, but does not determine the pathogen.

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A nurse is implementing a plan of care for a client who has a cough with sputum. The nurse suspects that the client has a respiratory infection. What is the nurse's priority?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client about the manifestations of urinary tract infection. Which of the following tests is needed to determine which microorganism is causing the infection?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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