A nurse is providing education to adolescents about healthy food choices. A cookie has 2 g of protein, 12 g of fat, and 30 g of carbohydrates. How many calories does the cookie contain? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A. "Consume ten percent of total calories from saturated fat": The DASH diet emphasizes reducing saturated fat intake to help lower blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular risk. Saturated fat should make up less than 6% of total daily calories. Consuming 10% of total calories from saturated fat exceeds this recommendation and can contribute to hypertension and atherosclerosis.
B. "Consume foods that are high in calcium": The DASH diet promotes the intake of calcium-rich foods, especially from low-fat or fat-free dairy products. Adequate calcium intake supports healthy blood pressure by helping to regulate vascular contraction and dilation. Including calcium-rich foods such as leafy greens, fortified plant milks, and dairy is an essential component of the DASH plan.
C. "Limit sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day": The DASH diet recommends limiting sodium intake to no more than 2,300 milligrams per day, with a more beneficial goal of 1,500 milligrams for individuals with hypertension. A sodium limit of 3,200 milligrams per day is too high and could undermine the blood pressure-lowering benefits of the DASH diet.
D. "Increase intake of refined carbohydrates": Refined carbohydrates such as white bread, pastries, and sugary cereals are discouraged in the DASH diet. These foods can lead to blood sugar spikes and are often low in fiber and essential nutrients. Instead, the diet recommends whole grains, fruits, and vegetables that provide complex carbohydrates and fiber for better heart health.

A. Moist mucous membranes: While moist mucous membranes may indicate adequate hydration, they are not specific to the treatment of hypocalcemia. The goal of hypocalcemia treatment is to correct calcium levels in the body, which would be reflected by the resolution of clinical signs related to low calcium, such as Chvostek's sign.
B. Negative Chvostek's sign: Chvostek's sign is a clinical sign that suggests hypocalcemia, where tapping the facial nerve causes twitching of the facial muscles. A negative Chvostek's sign indicates that calcium levels have normalized, meaning the treatment for hypocalcemia has been effective. The absence of this sign is a reliable indicator that the treatment has corrected the calcium deficiency.
C. Weight gain: Weight gain is not a typical or direct indicator of hypocalcemia treatment success. While some treatments for hypocalcemia might impact overall metabolism, weight gain is not a specific or reliable sign of calcium normalization. The most relevant sign would be the absence of symptoms related to calcium deficiency, such as a negative Chvostek’s sign.
D. Urine output 25 mL/hr: Urine output of 25 mL/hr is below the normal threshold, which is typically at least 30 mL/hr. While urine output can be affected by various factors, it is not a reliable marker for effective treatment of hypocalcemia. Treatment success is better assessed by signs related to calcium levels, such as the negative Chvostek’s sign, rather than urine output.