A nurse is caring for a client who tells the nurse she experiences urinary incontinence when she sneezes. The nurse recognizes this is an expected finding for which of the following types of incontinence?
Stress incontinence
Urge incontinence
Overflow incontinence
Reflex incontinence
The Correct Answer is A
A. Stress incontinence
Stress incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as sneezing, coughing, laughing, or lifting heavy objects. In stress incontinence, the pelvic floor muscles are weakened, leading to inadequate support of the bladder and urethra. This results in leakage of urine during moments of increased pressure on the bladder.
B. Urge incontinence
Urge incontinence involves a strong and sudden urge to urinate, leading to involuntary urine loss. It is often associated with an overactive bladder and may not be related to increased abdominal pressure.
C. Overflow incontinence
Overflow incontinence occurs when the bladder is unable to empty completely, leading to constant dribbling of urine. It is often associated with conditions that obstruct urine flow, such as an enlarged prostate in men.
D. Reflex incontinence
Reflex incontinence is characterized by the involuntary loss of urine due to a reflex arc that bypasses normal control mechanisms. It is often associated with neurological conditions that affect bladder control.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Check that the client lifts the walker and then places it down in front of her.
To ensure proper use of a standard walker and the safety of the client, the nurse should check that the client lifts the walker and then places it down in front of her. This sequence of lifting and moving the walker forward provides stability and support during ambulation.
B. Walk in front of the client to guide her in moving the walker.
The nurse should walk beside or slightly behind the client to provide support and supervision. Walking in front may hinder the client's ability to maneuver the walker.
C. Have the client move one leg forward with the walker.
The proper technique is for the client to move the walker forward and then step into it with the affected leg. Moving one leg forward with the walker may compromise stability.
D. Make sure that the upper bar of the walker is level with the client’s waist.
The correct height of the walker is essential for proper use. The walker should be adjusted to the client's height, with the top bar at the level of the client's wrists when their arms are at their sides, not at the waist.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Massage the client’s bony prominences:
Massaging bony prominences is generally not recommended for individuals at risk for pressure ulcers. Massage can increase friction and shear forces on the skin, which may contribute to skin damage rather than prevent it. Gentle, careful handling of the skin is preferable.
B. Keep the head of the bed elevated:
While elevating the head of the bed may be appropriate for certain medical conditions, it is not a primary preventive measure for pressure ulcers. In fact, keeping the head of the bed elevated continuously can contribute to pressure on the sacrum and coccyx, increasing the risk of pressure ulcers in those areas.
C. Reposition the client at least every 2 hr:
Regular repositioning is a crucial preventive measure for pressure ulcers. Repositioning helps redistribute pressure, improves blood flow to vulnerable areas, and reduces the risk of skin breakdown.
D. Keep the client’s skin moist:
While maintaining skin moisture is important to prevent dryness and cracking, excessive moisture can contribute to skin breakdown. The emphasis should be on keeping the skin clean and dry, with the use of moisturizers applied judiciously to prevent excessive dryness.
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