A nurse is caring for a client with chronic pancreatitis. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse prioritize?
High-protein diet to promote tissue repair
Low-fat diet to reduce pancreatic stimulation
High-carbohydrate diet to maintain energy levels
Low-sodium diet to prevent fluid retention
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: A high-protein diet supports tissue repair but is not the priority in chronic pancreatitis. Excessive protein can increase pancreatic enzyme demand, potentially exacerbating inflammation, as the pancreas struggles to produce sufficient enzymes, making this less critical than fat restriction for symptom control.
Choice B reason: A low-fat diet is essential in chronic pancreatitis to minimize pancreatic stimulation. Dietary fat triggers cholecystokinin release, stimulating pancreatic enzyme secretion, which can worsen inflammation and pain in a damaged pancreas, making this the priority to reduce exacerbations and promote comfort.
Choice C reason: A high-carbohydrate diet provides energy but may increase glucose levels, complicating diabetes, a common pancreatitis complication. It does not address pancreatic inflammation or enzyme secretion, making it less critical than a low-fat diet for managing chronic pancreatitis symptoms effectively.
Choice D reason: A low-sodium diet prevents fluid retention in conditions like heart failure but is not primary in chronic pancreatitis. While fluid balance is important, sodium restriction does not directly reduce pancreatic inflammation or pain, making it less relevant than fat restriction in this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Diabetic neuropathy is a common diabetes complication, resulting from chronic hyperglycemia damaging peripheral nerves. This leads to sensory loss, pain, or autonomic dysfunction, impairing sensation in extremities, increasing infection risk, and affecting quality of life, making it a significant and well-recognized complication.
Choice B reason: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are not primary diabetes complications but may occur secondary to conditions like gastroparesis or infections. They are symptoms, not chronic complications, and are less specific to diabetes compared to neuropathy or vascular issues, making this incorrect.
Choice C reason: Microvascular complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, result from hyperglycemia damaging small blood vessels. This leads to retinal ischemia, kidney dysfunction, or nerve damage, contributing to blindness, renal failure, or sensory loss, making this a major category of diabetes complications requiring long-term management.
Choice D reason: Macrovascular complications, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, arise from hyperglycemia-induced atherosclerosis. Diabetes accelerates endothelial damage and plaque formation, increasing cardiovascular risk, making this a critical complication category, as it significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients.
Choice E reason: Diabetic retinopathy, caused by hyperglycemia damaging retinal blood vessels, leads to microaneurysms, hemorrhages, and neovascularization, potentially causing blindness. It is a leading cause of vision loss in diabetes, making this a specific and severe microvascular complication requiring regular screening and intervention.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Excessive alcohol consumption is a leading cause of pancreatic disease, particularly chronic pancreatitis. Alcohol induces oxidative stress and toxic metabolites, damaging pancreatic acinar cells, leading to inflammation, fibrosis, and impaired enzyme secretion, making it a well-established risk factor for pancreatic pathology.
Choice B reason: Excessive vitamin C intake is not associated with pancreatic disease. High doses may cause gastrointestinal upset or kidney stones but do not directly damage the pancreas or contribute to conditions like pancreatitis, making this an unlikely and irrelevant risk factor for pancreatic issues.
Choice C reason: A very low-fat diet is not a common cause of pancreatic disease. While low-fat diets may be recommended for pancreatitis management, they do not contribute to its development. Pancreatic damage is more linked to alcohol or gallstones, not dietary fat restriction.
Choice D reason: A high protein diet is not a primary risk factor for pancreatic disease. Excessive protein may stress the kidneys or liver in certain conditions, but it does not directly cause pancreatitis or other pancreatic disorders, unlike alcohol, which has a direct toxic effect on the pancreas.
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