A nurse is caring for a client with chronic pancreatitis. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse prioritize?
High-protein diet to promote tissue repair
Low-fat diet to reduce pancreatic stimulation
High-carbohydrate diet to maintain energy levels
Low-sodium diet to prevent fluid retention
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: A high-protein diet supports tissue repair but is not the priority in chronic pancreatitis. Excessive protein can increase pancreatic enzyme demand, potentially exacerbating inflammation, as the pancreas struggles to produce sufficient enzymes, making this less critical than fat restriction for symptom control.
Choice B reason: A low-fat diet is essential in chronic pancreatitis to minimize pancreatic stimulation. Dietary fat triggers cholecystokinin release, stimulating pancreatic enzyme secretion, which can worsen inflammation and pain in a damaged pancreas, making this the priority to reduce exacerbations and promote comfort.
Choice C reason: A high-carbohydrate diet provides energy but may increase glucose levels, complicating diabetes, a common pancreatitis complication. It does not address pancreatic inflammation or enzyme secretion, making it less critical than a low-fat diet for managing chronic pancreatitis symptoms effectively.
Choice D reason: A low-sodium diet prevents fluid retention in conditions like heart failure but is not primary in chronic pancreatitis. While fluid balance is important, sodium restriction does not directly reduce pancreatic inflammation or pain, making it less relevant than fat restriction in this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Not checking blood sugar before exercise is dangerous for diabetic patients, as hypoglycemia can occur during physical activity due to increased glucose uptake by muscles. Monitoring ensures safe exercise, preventing severe hypoglycemia, which can cause seizures or unconsciousness, requiring immediate correction with glucose sources.
Choice B reason: Eating a snack if blood sugar is below 100 mg/dL before exercise is appropriate. Low blood sugar increases hypoglycemia risk during activity due to enhanced insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization. A carbohydrate snack stabilizes glucose levels, ensuring safe exercise and preventing adverse events.
Choice C reason: Carrying hard candy is a correct practice for diabetic patients to quickly treat hypoglycemia during exercise. Hard candy provides rapid-acting glucose, counteracting low blood sugar caused by increased muscle glucose uptake or insulin effects, preventing symptoms like shakiness or confusion.
Choice D reason: Including swimming as an exercise routine is appropriate for diabetes management. Aererobic exercise like swimming enhances insulin sensitivity, promotes glucose uptake by muscles, and improves cardiovascular health, helping maintain stable blood sugar levels without increasing hypoglycemia risk when properly monitored.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Insulin lispro, a rapid-acting insulin, has an onset of 15-30 minutes, peaking in 1-2 hours. Administering it 15 minutes before a meal aligns with its pharmacokinetics, ensuring glucose uptake matches postprandial glucose rise, preventing hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes, making this the correct action.
Choice B reason: Mixing insulin lispro with regular insulin in the same syringe is not recommended, as it may alter lispro’s rapid onset. Regular insulin has a slower onset and longer duration, potentially causing unpredictable glucose control, making this an incorrect and potentially unsafe administration practice.
Choice C reason: Checking for hypoglycemia 4 hours after lispro is unnecessary, as its action duration is 3-5 hours, with peak effect earlier. Hypoglycemia risk is highest 1-2 hours post-injection, not 4 hours, making this timing incorrect for monitoring lispro’s effects in type 1 diabetes.
Choice D reason: Monitoring for polyuria after lispro is inappropriate, as polyuria is a hyperglycemia symptom, not a direct insulin effect. Lispro reduces glucose, decreasing polyuria risk. Monitoring should focus on hypoglycemia or injection site reactions, not polyuria, which is unrelated to lispro’s immediate action.
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