A nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure who complains of "pins and needles" sensation in their hands and feet. What should the nurse recognize as the possible cause of this symptom?

Peripheral neuropathy due to uremic toxins

Increased blood flow to the extremities

Adequate nerve conduction related to calcium levels

Hypokalemia from potassium-sparing diuretics

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Correct. Peripheral neuropathy, characterized by tingling sensations or "pins and needles" in the hands and feet, is a common neurological complication of chronic renal failure. Uremic toxins build up in the blood when the kidneys are unable to adequately filter waste products, leading to nerve damage and peripheral neuropathy.

B. Incorrect. Increased blood flow to the extremities is not typically associated with the "pins and needles" sensation described by the client.

C. Incorrect. Adequate nerve conduction related to calcium levels would not cause the "pins and needles" sensation; instead, disturbances in calcium levels can lead to other neurological symptoms.

D. Incorrect. Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, can cause muscle weakness or cramps but is not typically associated with peripheral neuropathy.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Encouraging the client to drink 3 liters of fluid daily may be excessive and can contribute to fluid overload in individuals on hemodialysis. Fluid intake needs to be limited and closely monitored.

B. Correct. Monitoring the vascular access site is crucial to detect early signs of infection or clotting, which can lead to serious complications such as sepsis or thrombosis.

C. Incorrect. Phosphate binders are used to control phosphate levels in the blood and are generally taken with meals, not specifically before hemodialysis sessions.

D. Incorrect. Promoting a high-potassium diet is not appropriate for individuals on hemodialysis, as it can lead to hyperkalemia. Clients on hemodialysis typically need to restrict potassium intake.

A. "The bone pain is related to the body's excess production of calcium, leading to joint inflammation." B. "Chronic renal failure causes the body to retain phosphorus, which can weaken your bones and cause pain." C. "Frequent bone pain is a common side effect of the medication used to manage chronic renal failure." D. "The kidney dysfunction in chronic renal failure leads to low levels of calcium in your bones, resulting in bone pain."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Excess production of calcium in the body is not a typical cause of bone pain in chronic renal failure.

B. Correct. Chronic renal failure can lead to impaired phosphorus excretion, resulting in elevated levels of phosphorus in the blood. High phosphorus levels can lead to bone demineralization, weakening the bones and causing bone pain.

C. Incorrect. While some medications used in the management of chronic renal failure may have side effects, frequent bone pain is not commonly associated with these medications.

D. Incorrect. Kidney dysfunction in chronic renal failure does not typically lead to low levels of calcium in the bones. Instead, it can lead to abnormalities in phosphorus levels, which affect bone health.

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A nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure who complains of "pins and needles" sensation in their hands and feet. What should the nurse recognize as the possible cause of this symptom?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure who is receiving hemodialysis. What should the nurse include in the client's plan of care to prevent potential complications related to hemodialysis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with chronic renal failure asks the nurse about the cause of their frequent bone pain. Which explanation by the nurse is accurate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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