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A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The client asks why he has this condition. What is the nurse's best answer?

"DKA happens when the body's cells can't respond appropriately to the insulin being produced and blood glucose levels rise."

"DKA is a metabolic disorder generally resulting from getting sick while having diabetes mellitus type 2."

"DKA can only be acquired in a client with diabetes mellitus type 1 who experiences septic shock."

"DKA results from the complete absence of insulin resulting from poorly controlled or undiagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. DKA occurs due to a significant deficiency of insulin rather than issues with cell response to insulin. The condition leads to high blood glucose and ketone production because there is not enough insulin to regulate glucose levels effectively.
B. DKA is primarily associated with diabetes mellitus type 1, not type 2. It can occur due to a lack of insulin and is not solely caused by illness, although illness can exacerbate it.
C. DKA is not limited to clients with diabetes mellitus type 1 who experience septic shock. It can occur in anyone with type 1 diabetes due to severe insulin deficiency, though septic shock can complicate the condition.
D. DKA results from a complete absence of insulin, which is characteristic of poorly controlled or undiagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1. This insulin deficiency leads to elevated blood glucose levels and ketone formation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Keeping a body map of skin lesions is a key strategy for monitoring changes in the skin over time. This helps individuals track any new or changing lesions, which is crucial for early detection of skin cancer.
B. Reducing tanning bed use is important because tanning beds are a significant risk factor for skin cancer. However, the instruction should emphasize complete avoidance rather than just reduction, as tanning beds dramatically increase the risk of melanoma.
C. Examining your body every 2 months is not frequent enough for effective skin cancer monitoring. Monthly self-examinations are generally recommended to catch potential changes early.
D. Avoiding the sun after 3 p.m. is incorrect; the most dangerous sun exposure typically occurs between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. The instruction should advise avoiding the sun during peak hours or wearing protective clothing and sunscreen.

A. "Tremors, nervousness, and insomnia may indicate your dose is too high." B. "Notify your healthcare provider if you begin to lose weight." C. "This medication will require monitoring for increased risk for bleeding." D. "The medication decreases the overproduction of the thyroid hormone thyroxine."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement used to treat hypothyroidism. Symptoms such as tremors, nervousness, and insomnia can indicate that the dose is too high, as these are signs of hyperthyroidism.
B. Weight loss is not a typical reason to notify the healthcare provider unless it is accompanied by other symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Monitoring for symptoms of excessive thyroid hormone can be more critical.
C. Levothyroxine does not typically require monitoring for an increased risk of bleeding. This medication primarily affects thyroid hormone levels and does not have a direct impact on blood clotting.
D. Levothyroxine increases, rather than decreases, thyroid hormone levels. It is used to replace or supplement thyroid hormone in the case of hypothyroidism, not to decrease thyroid hormone production.

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A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The client asks why he has this condition. What is the nurse's best answer?

Nursing Test Bank

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