A nurse is caring for a client with major depressive disorder in a residential facility who refuses to participate in therapies because their parent did not answer the phone when the client called the previous evening. The client told the nurse. "I know they are mad at me." The nurse asks the client, "Are there other reasons you can think of that could have caused your parent not to answer the phone last evening?" In this statement, the nurse is using which type of therapy?
Rational Emotive Therapy
Cognitive Theory
Reality Therapy
Gestalt Therapy
The Correct Answer is A
A. Rational Emotive Therapy: Rational Emotive Therapy (RET), also known as Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy that focuses on identifying and challenging irrational beliefs and thought patterns. It aims to help individuals develop more rational and adaptive ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving. The nurse's statement of asking the client to consider other reasons for their parent not answering the phone aligns with the principles of RET, where challenging irrational beliefs is a key component.
B. Cognitive Theory: Cognitive Theory, in the context of therapy, refers to approaches that focus on how thoughts and beliefs influence emotions and behaviors. This can include identifying and changing cognitive distortions and negative thought patterns. The nurse's statement reflects a cognitive approach by encouraging the client to consider alternative explanations for the parent's behavior, which can help challenge and modify their negative cognitive patterns.
C. Reality Therapy: Reality Therapy, as mentioned earlier, emphasizes personal responsibility and choices. It focuses on the present and encourages individuals to evaluate their behavior and choices in relation to their goals and values. While the nurse's statement involves considering alternative explanations (which aligns with reality testing), the emphasis on exploring deeper emotional issues and personal responsibility is not as prominent in this scenario.
D. Gestalt Therapy: Gestalt Therapy focuses on the present moment and the client's awareness of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. It often involves techniques such as role-playing, empty chair exercises, and focusing on non-verbal cues. While the nurse's statement promotes awareness and exploration of different perspectives, it does not specifically align with the techniques and principles of Gestalt Therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Psychiatric disorders generally affect a client's ability to communicate verbally: This statement highlights the impact of psychiatric disorders on verbal communication, which may be impaired due to symptoms such as disorganized thinking, speech disturbances, or reduced speech output. However, it does not specifically address the importance of nonverbal communication awareness for nurses.
B. Clients are guarded with both verbal and nonverbal communication: This choice suggests that clients with mental illness may be guarded or reluctant to express themselves both verbally and nonverbally. While this can be true in some cases, it doesn't fully capture the primary reason why nurses are encouraged to be aware of nonverbal communication.
C. Psychiatric disorders are more likely to affect thoughts than physical behaviors: This statement focuses on the cognitive aspects of psychiatric disorders, emphasizing their impact on thoughts rather than physical behaviors. It does not directly address the importance of nonverbal communication in nursing care.
D. Nonverbal communication provides additional client information that is acted out unconsciously: This choice highlights a key reason why nurses are encouraged to be aware of nonverbal communication. Nonverbal cues, such as body language, facial expressions, and gestures, can convey important information about a client's emotional state, intentions, and needs, often unconsciously. This information is valuable for nurses in understanding and responding effectively to clients' needs and concerns.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Akathisia: Akathisia is a side effect of antipsychotic medications characterized by restlessness, agitation, and a strong urge to move. It is not typically associated with tongue protrusion, lip smacking, or rapid eye blinking.
B. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare but serious reaction to antipsychotic medications, characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. It is not associated with the specific symptoms described in the scenario.
C. Dystonia: Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by sustained or repetitive muscle contractions, leading to abnormal postures or repetitive movements. It can occur as a side effect of antipsychotic medications but typically presents differently from the symptoms described in the scenario.
D. Tardive dyskinesia: Tardive dyskinesia is a chronic syndrome characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements of the face, tongue, and other body parts. It is associated with long-term use of conventional, first-generation antipsychotic medications. Symptoms can include tongue protrusion, lip smacking, rapid eye blinking, and other abnormal movements.
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