A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral artery disease who has an arterial ulcer. Which of the following best describes the mechanism for developing the clinical problem?

Swelling of the lower extremity can create a wound that is difficult to heal.

Decreased blood flow to the area can cause the wound and decrease the healing.

Lower extremity compression stockings likely caused the wound to occur.

Increased blood sugar associated with the condition is likely the cause of the wound not healing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Swelling of the lower extremity can create a wound that is difficult to heal. Swelling typically relates to venous ulcers, not arterial ulcers, which are caused by reduced blood flow.

B. Decreased blood flow to the area can cause the wound and decrease the healing. Peripheral artery disease causes decreased blood flow, leading to poor oxygenation and slow healing of arterial ulcers.

C. Lower extremity compression stockings likely caused the wound to occur. Compression stockings are used in venous insufficiency and do not cause arterial ulcers.

D. Increased blood sugar associated with the condition is likely the cause of the wound not healing. While high blood sugar can impair healing, decreased blood flow is the primary cause of arterial ulcers in PAD.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Enriched cereal in whole milk. Whole milk is high in saturated fats, which the DASH diet aims to limit.

B. Turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, green beans, and banana. This meal is balanced, low in saturated fats, high in fiber, and aligns well with the DASH diet principles. (Correct Answer)

C. Pork sausage and baked beans. Pork sausage is high in saturated fats and sodium, which should be limited in the DASH diet.

D. Hamburger, steak fries, and an orange. While the orange is DASH-friendly, the hamburger and fries are high in fats and sodium.

A. Bounding peripheral pulses B. Decreased deep-tendon reflexes C. Hyperactive bowel sounds D. Restlessness

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bounding peripheral pulses: Hypokalemia typically causes weak, thready pulses rather than bounding ones.

B. Decreased deep-tendon reflexes: Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness and decreased deep-tendon reflexes due to impaired neuromuscular function.

C. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Hypokalemia generally causes decreased or hypoactive bowel sounds due to slowed smooth muscle contraction.

D. Restlessness: Restlessness is not a typical sign of hypokalemia; hypokalemia more commonly causes weakness, lethargy, or fatigue.

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