A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral artery disease who has an arterial ulcer. Which of the following best describes the mechanism for developing the clinical problem?

Swelling of the lower extremity can create a wound that is difficult to heal.

Decreased blood flow to the area can cause the wound and decrease the healing.

Lower extremity compression stockings likely caused the wound to occur.

Increased blood sugar associated with the condition is likely the cause of the wound not healing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Swelling of the lower extremity can create a wound that is difficult to heal. Swelling typically relates to venous ulcers, not arterial ulcers, which are caused by reduced blood flow.

B. Decreased blood flow to the area can cause the wound and decrease the healing. Peripheral artery disease causes decreased blood flow, leading to poor oxygenation and slow healing of arterial ulcers.

C. Lower extremity compression stockings likely caused the wound to occur. Compression stockings are used in venous insufficiency and do not cause arterial ulcers.

D. Increased blood sugar associated with the condition is likely the cause of the wound not healing. While high blood sugar can impair healing, decreased blood flow is the primary cause of arterial ulcers in PAD.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Smoking: Smoking is a modifiable risk factor as quitting smoking reduces the risk of atherosclerosis.

B. Hypertension: High blood pressure can be managed through lifestyle changes and medication, making it a modifiable risk factor.

C. Hypercholesterolemia: High cholesterol levels can be controlled through diet, exercise, and medications, making it modifiable.

D. Obesity: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor, as weight loss through diet and exercise can reduce the risk of atherosclerosis.

E. Genetic predisposition: Genetic predisposition is non-modifiable, meaning individuals cannot change their inherited risk for atherosclerosis.

A. Schedule deep tissue massage with physical therapy. B. Monitor Homan's sign. C. Obtain platelet aggregation studies. D. Arrange for a venous duplex ultrasound.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Schedule deep tissue massage with physical therapy. Massaging the area is contraindicated in cases of suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT), as it can dislodge the clot, leading to a pulmonary embolism.

B. Monitor Homan's sign. Homan’s sign (pain in the calf upon dorsiflexion) is no longer considered a reliable or safe assessment for DVT due to the risk of dislodging a clot.

C. Obtain platelet aggregation studies. Platelet aggregation studies are not specific to diagnosing a DVT; instead, imaging is preferred.

D. Arrange for a venous duplex ultrasound. A venous duplex ultrasound is a non-invasive test that can confirm the presence of a DVT in the affected extremity.

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A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral artery disease who has an arterial ulcer. Which of the following best describes the mechanism for developing the clinical problem?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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