A nurse is caring for a patient and notices that the patient’s urine is dark amber, cloudy, and has an unpleasant odor. Which of the following conditions should the nurse associate these findings with?
Urinary retention
Urinary incontinence
Urinary tract infection
Urinary frequency
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Urinary retention refers to the inability to empty the bladder completely. While it can cause discomfort and bloating, it does not typically result in dark amber, cloudy urine with an unpleasant odor.
Choice B rationale
Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control, leading to the involuntary leakage of urine. It does not cause the urine to become dark amber, cloudy, or have an unpleasant odor.
Choice C rationale
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system — kidneys, bladder, urethra. Most UTIs are caused by bacteria, but they can also be caused by viruses or fungi. Symptoms of a UTI often include cloudy, dark, or strong-smelling urine.
Choice D rationale
Urinary frequency refers to needing to urinate more often than usual. It can be a symptom of many different issues, including a UTI, but on its own, it does not cause the urine to become dark amber, cloudy, or have an unpleasant odor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Providing a diet containing 2 g of sodium per day is not typically part of the treatment for SIADH. In fact, increasing sodium intake could potentially worsen hyponatremia, a common condition in SIADH7.
Choice B rationale
Administering desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally is not typically part of the treatment for SIADH. Desmopressin is a synthetic form of ADH, and administering this medication could potentially worsen the symptoms of SIADH, which is characterized by an overproduction of ADH7.
Choice C rationale
Restricting fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day is often part of the treatment for SIADH. This helps to correct the imbalance of water in the body, which is a common issue in SIADH8.
Choice D rationale
Maintaining an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride is not typically part of the treatment for SIADH. This type of IV fluid is hypotonic, meaning it has a lower concentration of solutes (like sodium) than the blood. This could potentially worsen the hyponatremia seen in SIADH7.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Bacteria are not a known risk factor for osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease, not an infectious disease caused by bacteria.
Choice B rationale
Diuretics are a type of medication used to remove excess water from the body. They are not a known risk factor for osteoarthritis.
Choice C rationale
Aging is a risk factor for osteoarthritis. The risk of developing osteoarthritis increases with age.
Choice D rationale
Obesity is a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis. Excess weight puts additional stress on weight-bearing joints, such as the knees and hips, which can lead to the development of osteoarthritis.
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