A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. The patient is exhibiting disorganized speech, incoherent thoughts, and an inability to perform activities of daily living. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate to improve the patient's functioning?

Ask the patient to participate in family therapy sessions to improve communication

Provide a structured environment with clear, simple instructions for daily tasks

Encourage the patient to engage in group therapy to improve social skills

Administer antipsychotic medication as prescribed to reduce

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Ask the patient to participate in family therapy sessions to improve communication: Family therapy can help reduce stressors and improve relationships, but it is not the most immediate intervention for disorganized speech and impaired functioning.

B. Provide a structured environment with clear, simple instructions for daily tasks: Clients with disorganized thinking benefit from predictability and step-by-step guidance. A structured environment reduces confusion, enhances safety, and helps the patient successfully complete activities of daily living.

C. Encourage the patient to engage in group therapy to improve social skills: Group therapy can be beneficial once the client’s thought processes and functioning are more stabilized. However, in the presence of severe disorganization, participation in group settings may increase frustration and confusion rather than support progress.

D. Administer antipsychotic medication as prescribed to reduce symptoms: Medication is essential for reducing psychotic symptoms, but psychosocial interventions such as structure and clear instructions directly improve functioning.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Tardive dyskinesia: This involves repetitive, involuntary movements such as lip smacking, grimacing, and abnormal tongue or neck motions. These symptoms are characteristic of tardive dyskinesia, a long-term side effect of first-generation antipsychotics caused by dopamine receptor hypersensitivity.

B. Agranulocytosis: This is a serious adverse effect but is not associated with abnormal motor movements. Instead, it presents with signs of infection such as fever, sore throat, and decreased white blood cell count, making it unrelated to the client’s current symptoms.

C. Akathisia: This condition is marked by restlessness, pacing, and an inability to remain still. It does not involve lip smacking, grimacing, or twisting movements, so the client’s presentation does not align with akathisia.

D. Dystonic reaction: Acute dystonia involves sudden, painful muscle contractions such as eye deviation, neck spasms, or jaw locking. The patient’s slow, repetitive, snakelike twisting movements and lip smacking are more consistent with tardive dyskinesia.

A. to strengthen the intercostal muscles B. to promote oxygen intake C. to strengthen the diaphragm D. to promote carbon dioxide elimination

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. To strengthen the intercostal muscles: Pursed-lip breathing does not primarily target muscle strengthening. Instead, it helps regulate airflow and improve gas exchange, making this outcome inaccurate.

B. To promote oxygen intake: While pursed-lip breathing may indirectly improve oxygenation, its main goal is not to increase oxygen intake but to prevent air trapping and improve ventilation.

C. To strengthen the diaphragm: Diaphragmatic breathing helps strengthen the diaphragm, but pursed-lip breathing specifically works to control exhalation and prevent alveolar collapse, not muscle conditioning.

D. To promote carbon dioxide elimination: Pursed-lip breathing prolongs exhalation, reduces air trapping, and facilitates the removal of carbon dioxide, which is especially beneficial in COPD patients.

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A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. The patient is exhibiting disorganized speech, incoherent thoughts, and an inability to perform activities of daily living. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate to improve the patient's functioning?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient taking a first generation anti-psychotic medication is noted to grimace and smack both lips. The patient's neck and shoulders twisting in a snakelike motion. What problem would the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which is the expected outcome of pursed-lip breathing?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a patient who has been diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Which of the following symptoms are most characteristic of BPD?

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