A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition via a gastrostomy tube. Which actions should the nurse take to prevent complications associated with enteral feeding?
(Select All that Apply.)

Use sterile water to flush the tube before and after feeding.

Lower the head of the bed to 15 degrees to facilitate feeding.

Change the feeding bag and tubing every 24 hours.

Check for residual volume before each feeding

Add crushed medications to the enteral formula for convenience.

Administer the feeding in a continuous cycle over 24 hours.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A.   Using sterile water is recommended for flushing the tube before and after feeding, but it is not the most critical step in preventing complications.
B.   Lowering the head of the bed to 15 degrees during feeding may increase the risk of aspiration, as a higher elevation is typically recommended.
C.   Changing the feeding bag and tubing every 24 hours helps prevent bacterial contamination and reduces the risk of infection.
D.   Checking for residual volume before each feeding helps ensure that the stomach is empty, reducing the risk of aspiration.
E.   Adding crushed medications to the enteral formula is not recommended, as it can alter the formula's absorption and cause clogging of the tube.
F.   Administering the feeding in a continuous cycle over 24 hours is typically done for certain patients, but it is not essential to prevent complications in all cases.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium and is typically associated with more severe pneumonia, particularly in patients with underlying lung disease, but it does not form clusters.
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common cause of pneumonia but typically appears as Gram-positive cocci in pairs or chains, not clusters.
C. Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium that generally causes urinary tract infections and is not a common cause of pneumonia with Gram-positive cocci in clusters.
D. Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that forms clusters and is a common cause of pneumonia, particularly in young, otherwise healthy individuals, and can present with fever, chills, and productive cough. This fits the presentation and sputum findings in this patient.

A. MRI of the wrist B. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies C. Ultrasound of the wrist D. X-ray of the wrist

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. MRI of the wrist can help rule out other conditions, but it is not the most specific test for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome.
B. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies are the gold standard for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome. These tests measure the electrical activity of the muscles and the speed of nerve impulses to confirm nerve compression.

C. Ultrasound of the wrist may be helpful in visualizing the median nerve but is not as definitive as EMG and nerve conduction studies.
D. X-ray of the wrist would not be useful in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome as it does not show soft tissue or nerve involvement.

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A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition via a gastrostomy tube. Which actions should the nurse take to prevent complications associated with enteral feeding? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 25-year-old female patient presents with fever, chills, and a productive cough. Sputum culture reveals Gram-positive cocci in clusters. Which of the following bacterial organisms is most likely responsible for this infection?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition via a gastrostomy tube. Which actions should the nurse take to prevent complications associated with enteral feeding?
(Select All that Apply.)