A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as being consistent with hyperglycemia?

A. Provide an infant with a one-piece pacifier for non-nutritive sucking. Correct. A one-piece pacifier is recommended to prevent choking hazards associated with pacifiers that can come apart.

B. Place an infant who is 5 months old in a high chair to feed. Infants typically do not have the necessary motor control to sit safely in a high chair until around 6 months of age when they can sit with minimal support.

C. Secure the infant's car seat behind an airbag. It is unsafe to place a car seat behind an airbag. Airbags can deploy with great force and potentially injure an infant. The safest place for a car seat is the back seat, away from airbags.

D. Position a 1-month-old infant supine on a soft mattress. Infants should be placed supine (on their back) to sleep to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), but a firm mattress should be used, not a soft one, to prevent suffocation hazards.

A. Administer antispasmodics: Antispasmodics are not typically used for vaso-occlusive crisis pain, which is usually due to ischemia and not muscle spasms.

B. Apply ice to joints: Applying ice is not recommended as it can cause vasoconstriction, worsening the sickling of cells and the pain associated with a vaso-occlusive crisis. Heat application is more appropriate to promote circulation.

C. Initiate IV fluids: Correct. Hydration is a key intervention in managing a vaso-occlusive crisis because it helps to decrease the viscosity of the blood and prevent further sickling of cells.

D. Assess for hyperkalaemia: While it is important to monitor electrolyte levels, hyperkalaemia is not directly associated with a vaso-occlusive crisis. The primary focus should be on pain management and hydration.