A nurse is caring for a toddler admitted to the hospital.
Click to highlight the findings that require immediate follow-up. To deselect a finding, click on the finding again.
Body Systems |
Findings |
Respiratory |
Respiratory rate 26/min |
Cardiovascular |
Heart rate 112/min Capillary refill 4 seconds |
Gastrointestinal |
Hyperactive bowel sounds |
Integumentary |
Diaper area reddened with erythema noted Extremities cool Reports no tears |
Neurologic |
Lethargic |
Capillary refill 4 seconds
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Diaper area reddened with erythema noted
Extremities cool
Reports no tears
Lethargic
Respiratory rate 26/min
Heart rate 112/min
The Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F"]
Capillary refill 4 seconds: A prolonged capillary refill time of more than 2 seconds may indicate poor perfusion, possibly due to dehydration or circulatory compromise. This warrants immediate follow-up to assess for potential dehydration or shock.
Hyperactive bowel sounds: This may indicate gastrointestinal distress, such as diarrhea or irritation.
Diaper area erythema: Diaper rash is common in toddlers, particularly with diarrhea. Extremities cool: Cool extremities can be a sign of poor peripheral circulation, often associated with dehydration or developing hypovolemic shock. Immediate intervention is needed to address potential circulatory issues.
Reports no tears: The absence of tears, especially in a toddler, may suggest significant dehydration. This is a concerning sign and requires immediate follow-up to assess the child's hydration status and consider interventions, such as IV fluids or electrolyte management.
Lethargic: The child's lethargy, especially after vomiting and with decreased responsiveness, raises concern for potential dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, or a worsening condition. Lethargy in a toddler requires prompt evaluation and intervention to prevent further deterioration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ensure that the transfusion is completed within 6 hr: Incorrect. Blood transfusions should be completed within 4 hours to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination.
B. Obtain venous access using a 22-gauge needle: Incorrect. A larger gauge (18-20) is preferred to prevent hemolysis and allow for faster administration.
C. Store the unit of blood at room temperature for 1 hr prior to the infusion: Incorrect. Blood should remain refrigerated until it is ready to be transfused, and it should be started within 30 minutes of removal from refrigeration.
D. Use a solution of 0.9% sodium chloride to flush the transfusion tubing: 0.9% sodium chloride is the only compatible solution with blood products to prevent hemolysis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Varicella (chickenpox) requires airborne, not droplet, precautions.
B. Aspirin is contraindicated in children with viral illnesses due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.
C. A negative air pressure room is necessary to prevent the airborne spread of varicella.
D. Koplik spots are associated with measles, not varicella.
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