A nurse is caring for a toddler who received radiation therapy 2 years ago for a brain tumor. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a late adverse effect of the radiation therapy?
Mucosal ulceration
Nausea
Desquamation
Short stature
The Correct Answer is D
A. Mucosal ulceration – This is an acute side effect of radiation therapy, not a late adverse effect.
B. Nausea – Nausea is a short-term side effect that occurs during or shortly after radiation therapy.
C. Desquamation – Skin peeling (desquamation) is a common acute reaction to radiation but is not considered a late effect.
D. Short stature – Radiation therapy in young children can affect growth, particularly if the brain or spine is irradiated. Damage to the pituitary gland can lead to growth hormone deficiency, resulting in delayed growth and short stature, which are considered late effects of radiation therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Have the child bend forward at the waist and check for asymmetry of the scapula." This maneuver is known as the Adam's forward bend test and is used to screen for scoliosis, which commonly appears during adolescence.
B. "Auscultate the abdomen for at least 1 min if bowel sounds are absent." If bowel sounds are absent, the nurse should listen for at least 5 minutes in each quadrant before concluding they are truly absent.
C. "Use the FACES scale to assess pain." The FACES scale is typically used for younger children (3-7 years old). Adolescents can usually use a numeric rating scale (0-10) for pain assessment.
D. "Observe abdominal movement to determine the respiratory rate." Abdominal breathing is characteristic of infants and younger children. In adolescents, the nurse should observe chest movement to assess respiratory rate.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Basketball. Basketball is a high-impact sport with a risk of falls and collisions, which could lead to bleeding episodes in a child with hemophilia.
B. Soccer. Soccer involves physical contact and a high risk of injury, making it unsafe for children with hemophilia.
C. Gymnastics. Gymnastics carries a risk of falls, bruising, and joint injuries, which can lead to internal bleeding.
D. Bowling. Bowling is a low-impact sport with minimal risk of injury, making it a safe option for children with hemophilia.
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