A nurse is caring for an older adult client.
The client has an increased risk for dehydration due to which of the following physiological changes that can occur with aging?
Decrease in systolic blood pressure
Increase in saliva production
Increase in percentage of body water
Decrease in kidney function
Decrease in kidney function
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A decrease in systolic blood pressure is not a physiological change that increases the risk of dehydration in older adults.
Choice B rationale
An increase in saliva production does not occur with aging and does not increase the risk of dehydration.
Choice C rationale
An increase in the percentage of body water does not occur with aging. In fact, total body water decreases with age, which can contribute to an increased risk of dehydration.
Choice D rationale
A decrease in kidney function is a common physiological change that occurs with aging. This can lead to a decreased ability to concentrate urine and conserve water, increasing the risk of dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pushing the syringe plunger to empty the formula faster is not recommended. This can lead to complications such as aspiration, diarrhea, or abdominal cramping. The formula should be allowed to flow slowly by gravity.
Choice B rationale
Holding the syringe high enough for the formula to empty gradually by gravity is the correct method for intermittent feeding. This allows for a slow, controlled flow of the formula, which can help prevent complications.
Choice C rationale
Positioning the patient in a supine position during feeding is not recommended. The patient should be in an upright position, at least 30 degrees, to reduce the risk of aspiration.
Choice D rationale
Flushing the tubing before feeding only is not correct. The tubing should be flushed before and after feedings to maintain patency and prevent clogging.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Memory loss is not typically associated with inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Memory loss can be a symptom of various conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, or certain vitamin deficiencies, but it is not directly linked to fiber intake.
Choice B rationale
Bleeding gums are not typically a symptom of inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Bleeding gums are more commonly associated with conditions such as gingivitis or vitamin C deficiency, not a lack of dietary fiber.
Choice C rationale
Constipation is the correct answer. Inadequate intake of dietary fiber can lead to constipation. Dietary fiber adds bulk to the diet and helps prevent constipation by promoting regular bowel movements.
Choice D rationale
Brittle hair is not typically a symptom of inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Brittle hair can be a sign of malnutrition or lack of certain nutrients like protein, but it is not directly linked to fiber intake.
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