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A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has erectile dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus.

The client asks the nurse what he can do to improve his sexual function.

Which of the following responses should the nurse give?

“You can try using a vacuum device or a penile implant to achieve an erection.”.

“You can take oral medications such as sildenafil or tadalafil before sexual activity.”.

“You can inject medications such as alprostadil or papaverine into your penis before sexual activity.”.

“You can do any of the above options, depending on your preference and medical condition.”.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

You can do any of the above options, depending on your preference and medical condition.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to get and maintain an erection for sexual activity.

It can be caused by physical or psychological factors, or both.

ED can affect your self-esteem, stress level and relationship quality.

There are different treatment options for ED, and they work in different ways.

Some of the most common ones are:.

• Oral medications such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), vardenafil (Levitra) or avanafil (Stendra).

These drugs enhance the effects of nitric oxide, a chemical that relaxes the muscles in the penis and increases blood flow.

You need to take them before sexual activity, and they only work if you are sexually stimulated.

They are not safe for everyone, especially if you have heart problems, low blood pressure, liver disease or certain eye conditions. They can also cause side effects such as headache, flushing, nasal congestion or indigestion.

• Penile self-injections such as alprostadil (Caverject, Edex) or papaverine (OraVerse).

These are shots of medicine that you inject into the base or side of your penis with a fine needle.

They cause an erection by dilating the blood vessels in the penis.

The erection lasts about 20 to 30 minutes, and you need to use them only when needed. They can cause side effects such as bleeding, pain, priapism (a prolonged and painful erection) or fibrous tissue formation.

• Alprostadil urethral suppository (Muse).

This is a tiny pellet of medicine that you insert into your urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body) with a special device.

It works by expanding the blood vessels in the penis and causing an erection.

The erection lasts about 30 to 60 minutes, and you need to use it only when needed. It can cause side effects such as burning, pain, bleeding or infection.

• Vacuum erection device (VED).

This is a plastic tube that you place over your penis and pump out the air to create a vacuum.

This draws blood into the penis and causes an erection.

You then slide a rubber ring around the base of your penis to keep the blood in place.

The erection lasts as long as the ring is on, up to 30 minutes.

You need to use it only when needed. It can cause side effects such as bruising, numbness, pain or difficulty ejaculating.

• Penile implant surgery.

This is a procedure where inflatable or bendable devices are surgically placed on both sides of your penis.

You can control when and how long you have an erection by inflating or deflating the devices with a pump or a switch. This is a permanent solution for ED, but it requires surgery and has risks of infection, mechanical failure or erosion.

Other treatment options for ED include hormone therapy, psychotherapy, lifestyle changes and natural remedies.

However, these may not be as effective or safe as the ones mentioned above.

The best treatment option for you depends on your personal preference, medical condition, cost and availability.

You should talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of each option and choose the one that suits you best.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

The correct answer is B, C, and E.

Phenytoin (Dilantin) is an anticonvulsant medication that is used to control seizures.

It can have several side effects, some of which are serious and require medical attention.

Here are some explanations for each choice:.

A. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication.

This iswrongbecause grapefruit juice does not interact with phenytoin.However, grapefruit juice can affect the levels of other medications, such as statins, calcium channel blockers, and some antidepressants.

B. Brush your teeth gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush.This isrightbecause phenytoin can causegingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of the gums that can lead to bleeding, infection, and difficulty chewing.

To prevent this, patients should practice good oral hygiene, avoid alcohol and tobacco, and see a dentist regularly.

A. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication B.

Brush your teeth gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush C.

Wear a medical alert bracelet or necklace at all times D.

Stop taking this medication if you develop a rash or fever E.

Have your blood levels checked regularly as directed by your provider

A. Medications B. Vision problems C. Home environment. D. Thyroid function. E. Urinary incontinence.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

The correct answer isA, B, C, and E.

The nurse should ask the client about medications, vision problems, home environment, and urinary incontinence as these are all factors that could contribute to falls in older adults.

• Medicationscan increase the risk of falls because they can cause side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, or low blood pressure.Some medications that can increase the risk of falls include sedatives, antidepressants, antihypertensives, diuretics, and anticholinergics.

• Vision problemscan impair the ability to see obstacles, judge depth and distance, or adjust to changes in light.Some vision problems that can increase the risk of falls include cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy.

• Home environmentcan pose safety hazards that can cause tripping, slipping, or losing balance.Some home hazards that can increase the risk of falls include loose rugs, clutter, poor lighting, slippery floors, uneven surfaces, and lack of handrails or grab bars.

• Urinary incontinencecan lead to rushed movements to the bathroom or frequent nighttime trips that can increase the risk of falls.Urinary incontinence can be caused by various factors such as bladder infections, prostate problems, pelvic floor weakness, or medication side effects.

Choice D is wrong because thyroid function is not a direct factor that contributes to falls in older adults.However, thyroid disorders such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism can affect other factors such as muscle strength, bone density, heart rate, or blood pressure that can indirectly increase the risk of falls.

Normal ranges for thyroid function tests vary depending on the laboratory and the method used.However, a common reference range for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L and for free thyroxine (FT4) is 0.8 to 1.8 ng/dL.

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A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has erectile dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus. The client asks the nurse what he can do to improve his sexual function. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient who had a seizure disorder and is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

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A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has erectile dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus.

The client asks the nurse what he can do to improve his sexual function.

Which of the following responses should the nurse give?