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A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has erectile dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus.

The client asks the nurse what he can do to improve his sexual function.

Which of the following responses should the nurse give?

“You can try using a vacuum device or a penile implant to achieve an erection.”.

“You can take oral medications such as sildenafil or tadalafil before sexual activity.”.

“You can inject medications such as alprostadil or papaverine into your penis before sexual activity.”.

“You can do any of the above options, depending on your preference and medical condition.”.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

You can do any of the above options, depending on your preference and medical condition.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to get and maintain an erection for sexual activity.

It can be caused by physical or psychological factors, or both.

ED can affect your self-esteem, stress level and relationship quality.

There are different treatment options for ED, and they work in different ways.

Some of the most common ones are:.

• Oral medications such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), vardenafil (Levitra) or avanafil (Stendra).

These drugs enhance the effects of nitric oxide, a chemical that relaxes the muscles in the penis and increases blood flow.

You need to take them before sexual activity, and they only work if you are sexually stimulated.

They are not safe for everyone, especially if you have heart problems, low blood pressure, liver disease or certain eye conditions. They can also cause side effects such as headache, flushing, nasal congestion or indigestion.

• Penile self-injections such as alprostadil (Caverject, Edex) or papaverine (OraVerse).

These are shots of medicine that you inject into the base or side of your penis with a fine needle.

They cause an erection by dilating the blood vessels in the penis.

The erection lasts about 20 to 30 minutes, and you need to use them only when needed. They can cause side effects such as bleeding, pain, priapism (a prolonged and painful erection) or fibrous tissue formation.

• Alprostadil urethral suppository (Muse).

This is a tiny pellet of medicine that you insert into your urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body) with a special device.

It works by expanding the blood vessels in the penis and causing an erection.

The erection lasts about 30 to 60 minutes, and you need to use it only when needed. It can cause side effects such as burning, pain, bleeding or infection.

• Vacuum erection device (VED).

This is a plastic tube that you place over your penis and pump out the air to create a vacuum.

This draws blood into the penis and causes an erection.

You then slide a rubber ring around the base of your penis to keep the blood in place.

The erection lasts as long as the ring is on, up to 30 minutes.

You need to use it only when needed. It can cause side effects such as bruising, numbness, pain or difficulty ejaculating.

• Penile implant surgery.

This is a procedure where inflatable or bendable devices are surgically placed on both sides of your penis.

You can control when and how long you have an erection by inflating or deflating the devices with a pump or a switch. This is a permanent solution for ED, but it requires surgery and has risks of infection, mechanical failure or erosion.

Other treatment options for ED include hormone therapy, psychotherapy, lifestyle changes and natural remedies.

However, these may not be as effective or safe as the ones mentioned above.

The best treatment option for you depends on your personal preference, medical condition, cost and availability.

You should talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of each option and choose the one that suits you best.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

The correct answer is A, B, and D.These are some of the strategies to prevent orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure caused by a change in posture, such as when a person stands up quickly.

Some explanations for the other choices are:.

• Choice C is wrong because drinking caffeinated beverages can cause dehydration, which can worsen orthostatic hypotension by reducing the fluid volume in the blood vessels.

• Choice E is wrong because increasing salt intake can raise blood pressure, but it can also cause fluid retention, which can strain the heart and kidneys.People with hypertension, heart failure, or kidney disease should limit their salt intake.

Some normal ranges for blood pressure are:.

• Systolic blood pressure (the top number) should be less than 120 mmHg for most adults.

• Diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) should be less than 80 mmHg for most adults.

• Orthostatic hypotension is diagnosed when there is a drop of 20 mmHg or more in systolic blood pressure or 10 mmHg or more in diastolic blood pressure within 2 to 5 minutes of standing.

A. Monitor the client’s skin for signs of injury or infection. B. Teach the client to avoid exposure to extreme temperatures. C. Encourage the client to use assistive devices for mobility and balance. D. Provide the client with sensory stimulation such as massage or music. E. Advise the client to wear loose-fitting clothing and shoes.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

The correct answer isA, B, and C.

These interventions are appropriate for a client who has impaired tactile sensation due to aging.

• Ais correct because monitoring the client’s skin for signs of injury or infection can help prevent complications such as pressure ulcers, burns, or infections that might go unnoticed by the client due to reduced sensitivity.

• Bis correct because teaching the client to avoid exposure to extreme temperatures can protect the client from thermal injuries such as frostbite or heatstroke that might not be felt by the client due to diminished thermoreception.

• Cis correct because encouraging the client to use assistive devices for mobility and balance can enhance the client’s safety and independence by compensating for the loss of proprioception and kinesthesia that might impair the client’s coordination and stability.

• Dis wrong because providing the client with sensory stimulation such as massage or music is not directly related to impaired tactile sensation due to aging.While sensory stimulation might have other benefits for the client’s well-being, it does not address the specific problem of reduced touch perception.

• Eis wrong because advising the client to wear loose-fitting clothing and shoes is not helpful for a client who has impaired tactile sensation due to aging.In fact, loose-fitting clothing and shoes might increase the risk of falls or injuries by creating friction or slipping off the client’s body.

Normal ranges for tactile sensation vary depending on the type of stimulus, the location of the skin, and the method of testing.

However, some general guidelines are:.

• Vibration sense: normal threshold is less than 10 μm at 30 Hz on the fingertip.

• Temperature sense: normal threshold is less than 1°C difference between two stimuli on the forearm.

• Pressure sense: normal threshold is less than 10 g/mm2 on the fingertip.

• Pain sense: normal threshold is less than 0.5 g/mm2 on the fingertip.

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A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has erectile dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus. The client asks the nurse what he can do to improve his sexual function. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a client who is 60 years old about strategies to prevent orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has impaired tactile sensation due to aging. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has erectile dysfunction due to diabetes mellitus.

The client asks the nurse what he can do to improve his sexual function.

Which of the following responses should the nurse give?