What are some of the environmental factors that can influence the psychosocial changes in older adults?

Physical health and functional status.

Cognitive conditions and memory loss.

Living arrangements and social support.

Hormonal changes and sensory impairments.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The correct answer is C.

Living arrangements and social support.

This is because living arrangements and social support are some of the environmental factors that can influence the psychosocial changes in older adults. Psychosocial changes refer to the changes in mental and emotional well-being, social relationships, and roles that occur as people age. Environmental factors are the external conditions or circumstances that affect a person’s life.

Choice A is wrong because physical health and functional status are not environmental factors, but rather biological factors that affect the aging process. Physical health and functional status can influence the psychosocial changes in older adults, but they are not part of the environment.

Choice B is wrong because cognitive conditions and memory loss are also not environmental factors, but rather neurological factors that affect the brain function of older adults. Cognitive conditions and memory loss can also influence the psychosocial changes in older adults, but they are not part of the environment.

Choice D is wrong because hormonal changes and sensory impairments are also not environmental factors, but rather physiological factors that affect the body function of older adults. Hormonal changes and sensory impairments can also influence the psychosocial changes in older adults, but they are not part of the environment.

Living arrangements and social support are environmental factors because they depend on the availability, accessibility, and quality of housing, transportation, community services, family networks, and social interactions that older adults have in their surroundings. Living arrangements and social support can influence the psychosocial changes in older adults by affecting their sense of independence, identity, belonging, security, and satisfaction.

Therefore, living arrangements and social support are some of the environmental factors that can influence the psychosocial changes in older adults.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Encourage fluid intake of at least 2 L/day.

This is because adequate hydration can help soften the stool and facilitate its passage through the intestines.Fluid intake should be increased gradually to avoid fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance.

Choice B is wrong because alow-fiber dietcan contribute to constipation by reducing the bulk and water content of the stool.

Fiber helps retain water in the stool and stimulate peristalsis.A high-fiber diet is recommended for clients who have constipation.

Choice C is wrong because astimulant laxativeshould not be used daily or for a long period of time, as it can cause dependence, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and damage to the intestinal mucosa.Stimulant laxatives should be used only as a last resort when other measures fail.

Choice D is wrong becausephysical activitycan help prevent constipation by increasing intestinal motility and blood flow.Physical activity should be encouraged for clients who have constipation, unless contraindicated by other conditions.

Normal ranges for fluid intake are about 2 to 3 L/day for adults, depending on age, weight, activity level, and climate.Normal ranges for fiber intake are about 25 to 38 g/day for adults, depending on age and sex.

A. Decreased metabolic rate B. Increased blood pressure C. Increased sweat gland activity. D. Decreased body fat.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is A.

Decreased metabolic rate.This is because the metabolic rate is the amount of energy that the body uses to maintain its functions, and it tends to decline with age due to various factors, such as loss of muscle mass, reduced activity, hormonal changes, and decreased thyroid function.

A lower metabolic rate means that the body produces less heat and therefore feels colder more easily.

Choice B is wrong because increased blood pressure is not a normal physiological change with aging, but rather a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases that can be influenced by lifestyle, genetics, and other factors.

Choice C is wrong because increased sweat gland activity is not a normal physiological change with aging, but rather a sign of hyperhidrosis, which is a condition that causes excessive sweating due to overactive sweat glands.Sweat glands actually decrease in number and function with age, which can impair thermoregulation and increase the risk of heat-related illnesses.

Choice D is wrong because decreased body fat is not a normal physiological change with aging, but rather a result of malnutrition, illness, or other causes.Body fat actually tends to increase with age, especially in the abdominal region, due to hormonal changes, reduced physical activity, and lower metabolic rate.

Body fat can act as an insulator and help maintain body temperature.

Normal ranges for metabolic rate vary depending on age, sex, body size, activity level, and other factors.

A general estimate for resting metabolic rate (RMR) is 10 calories per kilogram of body weight per day for men and 9 calories per kilogram of body weight per day for women.

However, this may not reflect the actual metabolic rate of an individual, as it does not account for the effects of food intake, exercise, or environmental factors.

Therefore, it is better to measure metabolic rate using indirect calorimetry or other methods that can capture these variables.

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What are some of the environmental factors that can influence the psychosocial changes in older adults?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has constipation due to decreased intestinal motility. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports feeling cold most of the time. The nurse knows that this is most likely due to which of the following physiological changes with aging?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medication list of an older adult client who has delirium. Which of the following medications can contribute to delirium in older adults?

A nurse is providing education to a group of older adults about sexuality and aging. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A nurse is performing a mental status examination on an older adult client who has delirium. Which of the following tools can the nurse use to assess the client’s attention span and concentration?

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking oral hypoglycemic agents. The nurse should advise the client to do which of the following?

A nurse is educating an older adult client who has depression about the benefits of physical activity and exercise. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has sarcopenia. The nurse knows that this condition is characterized by which of the following?

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a possible complication of UTI in older adults? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to an older adult client who had a hip replacement surgery. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?