A nurse is changing the bed linen for a client who is on contact precautions. Which of the following personal protective equipment should the nurse wear?

A. Oral hypoglycemic medications are often prescribed to lower blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. They work by either increasing insulin production, improving insulin sensitivity, or reducing glucose production by the liver. These medications are typically considered when lifestyle modifications alone are insufficient to achieve target blood glucose levels.
B. Insulin therapy is considered in type 2 diabetes who cannot achieve adequate glucose control with oral medications alone.
C. Peritoneal dialysis is not typically indicated as a secondary prevention measure for diabetes mellitus. Peritoneal dialysis is a treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) when the kidneys can no longer function effectively.
D. Fluid restrictions may be necessary in clients with advanced kidney disease (nephropathy) resulting from diabetes. However, fluid restrictions alone do not constitute a secondary prevention action for diabetes mellitus itself.

A. This instruction is important for safely disposing of needles after use. Safety devices, such as needle safety shields or retractable needles, should be activated immediately after use to prevent accidental needlestick injuries during disposal. Engaging the safety device helps enclose the needle and reduce the risk of subsequent handling injuries.
B. Large-bore needles, which include needles used for procedures such as blood draws or injections, should be disposed of into puncture-resistant sharps containers, not waterproof wastebaskets. Sharps

containers are specifically designed to safely collect needles and prevent accidental needlestick injuries. Using waterproof wastebaskets does not provide adequate protection and increases the risk of injuries.
C. Bending needles, even those without safety devices, is not recommended. Manipulating needles can increase the risk of needlestick injuries. It is safer to dispose of needles intact into sharps containers designed for safe disposal. Sharps containers are puncture-resistant and prevent accidental exposures to used needles.
D. Sharps containers should not be used until they are completely full. They should be replaced and disposed of according to healthcare facility protocols and regulatory guidelines. Overfilling sharps containers increases the risk of needlestick injuries during disposal and handling. It is essential to follow facility policies for timely replacement and disposal of sharps containers to maintain a safe environment.