A nurse is checking the skin of a client who has chronic venous insufficiency. Which of the following images should the nurse identify as a venous stasis ulcer?
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A
B
The Correct Answer is B
A. The top image shows a raised, erythematous plaque with silvery scaling (most likely a plaque of psoriasis or other dermatitis), which is a common skin lesion but is not characteristic of a venous stasis ulcer, which is a depressed, often shallow, open wound.
B. The bottom image displays a client's lower legs with prominent, dilated veins (varicose veins) and associated hyperpigmentation (darkening of the skin) and edema (swelling). These findings are the hallmark signs of chronic venous insufficiency and stasis dermatitis, the underlying condition that directly causes venous stasis ulcers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Speech therapist: A speech therapist specializes in assessing swallowing ability and designing strategies to reduce aspiration risk in clients with dysphagia. They provide exercises, positioning techniques, and dietary modifications to help the client swallow more safely. This makes them the most appropriate referral after a stroke affecting swallowing.
B. Respiratory therapist: A respiratory therapist focuses on airway management, oxygen therapy, and breathing treatments rather than evaluating swallowing. While they may assist if aspiration leads to respiratory complications, they are not responsible for diagnosing or treating dysphagia.
C. Occupational therapist: An occupational therapist helps clients regain independence with daily activities such as dressing, bathing, and feeding. Although they may address self-feeding techniques, they do not evaluate the physiologic swallowing mechanism itself. Dysphagia requires specialized assessment beyond the OT role.
D. Physical therapist: A physical therapist assists with mobility, balance, and strength restoration following a stroke. Their interventions target physical function rather than swallowing. They are not qualified to assess or treat dysphagia, so they are not the appropriate referral for this issue.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Schedule a baseline colonoscopy at 55 years of age: Current cancer-prevention guidelines recommend starting routine colon cancer screening at age 45 rather than 55. Delaying screening increases the risk of missing early polyps or malignancies. Earlier screening allows timely removal of precancerous lesions.
B. Consume a low-fiber diet: Low-fiber intake slows bowel transit and increases exposure of the colon lining to potential carcinogens. High-fiber diets support healthy digestion and help reduce colorectal cancer risk. Lowering fiber contradicts evidence-based cancer-prevention recommendations.
C. Obtain immunizations for hepatitis B: Hepatitis B vaccination reduces the likelihood of chronic HBV infection, which is a major risk factor for liver cancer. Preventing viral hepatitis helps protect liver cells from long-term inflammation and cellular damage. Immunization is a key cancer-prevention strategy in community health.
D. Use sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) less than 8: Sunscreen with SPF below 8 provides minimal protection from UV radiation, increasing the risk of skin cancers. Effective prevention requires using SPF 15–30 or higher, applied consistently. Low-SPF products fail to block harmful ultraviolet exposure.
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