A nurse is collecting a blood phenylketonuria (PKU) test for a newborn prior to discharge.The newborn's guardian asks the nurse what a positive PKU test would mean.
Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
A positive finding indicates the inability to metabolize galactose.
A positive finding indicates the infant will have a slow metabolism.
A positive finding indicates an inability to metabolize certain amino acids.
A positive finding indicates an increased risk for neurological anomalies.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
A positive finding for galactosemia, not PKU, indicates the inability to metabolize galactose. Galactosemia is a different metabolic disorder that requires a separate dietary intervention.
Choice B rationale
A positive PKU test does not indicate slow metabolism. Instead, it signifies the inability to metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid.
Choice C rationale
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder that leads to the inability to break down the amino acid phenylalanine. Without proper management, it can accumulate in the body and cause brain damage and other health issues.
Choice D rationale
A positive PKU test is not directly linked to an increased risk for neurological anomalies in general. The specific issue in PKU is the inability to metabolize certain amino acids, primarily phenylalanine, which can cause neurological damage if untreated. .
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Only one dose of rubella immunization is necessary post-delivery, no need for a second dose in 2 weeks.
Choice B rationale
Prevention of pregnancy is recommended for at least 1 month (not 4 months) after receiving the rubella vaccine to avoid possible teratogenic effects.
Choice C rationale
An additional rubella immunization is not recommended during pregnancy as the live vaccine is contraindicated during gestation.
Choice D rationale
Rubella vaccine is safe for breastfeeding mothers, as it does not affect the safety of breast milk.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A respiratory rate of 12/min indicates that the respiratory depression caused by magnesium sulfate toxicity has been effectively reversed by calcium gluconate. Normal respiratory rate in adults is 12-20 breaths per minute.
Choice B rationale
Absent deep tendon reflexes indicate ongoing magnesium sulfate toxicity. Calcium gluconate administration should restore normal reflexes, not cause their absence.
Choice C rationale
Slurred speech is a sign of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Effective treatment with calcium gluconate should improve neurological function and resolve symptoms like slurred speech.
Choice D rationale
A urine output of 22 mL/hr is below the normal range and suggests renal impairment or ongoing toxicity. Effective treatment should result in an increase in urine output to within the normal range (greater than 30 mL/hr).
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