A nurse is collecting data from a 9-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Expresses conflict over independence and control

Demonstrates self-centered thinking

Displays emotional detachment from parents

Grasps concept of cause-and-effect

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Expressing conflict over independence and control is incorrect. This behavior is more characteristic of adolescents, who struggle with autonomy as they develop their identity. Nine-year-old children are still largely influenced by parents and rules.

B. Demonstrating self-centered thinking is incorrect. Egocentric thinking is typical in preschool-aged children, while school-aged children develop the ability to see other perspectives and think more logically.

C. Displaying emotional detachment from parents is incorrect. While school-aged children begin to form peer relationships, they typically maintain strong emotional connections with their parents rather than detaching from them.

D. Grasping the concept of cause-and-effect is correct. At this stage, children develop logical thinking and an understanding of consequences, allowing them to recognize how actions lead to specific outcomes.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Eating three large meals and two snacks per day is not advisable for GERD patients. Large meals can increase the pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), leading to acid reflux. It is better to recommend smaller, more frequent meals to reduce symptoms.

B. Elevating the head of the bed while sleeping is correct. Elevating the head of the bed (usually by 6 to 8 inches) helps prevent acid from refluxing into the esophagus during sleep, a key management strategy for GERD.

C. Laying down for 1 hour following a meal is incorrect. After eating, patients with GERD should avoid lying down for at least 2 to 3 hours to prevent acid reflux. Lying down too soon after eating increases the risk of reflux.

D. Drinking 2 cups of coffee per day is not ideal for people with GERD, as caffeine can relax the LES, leading to increased reflux. While the exact amount varies by individual tolerance, it is generally recommended to limit or avoid caffeine.

A. “I will consider what is going to benefit the most people when making decisions.” B. "I will respect the decision of a client who has a chronic illness to stop treatment." C. "I will place a higher emphasis on human dignity than on the needs of a group." D. "I will withhold a terminal diagnosis from a client who has cancer."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. “I will consider what is going to benefit the most people when making decisions.”: This is correct. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Decisions are made based on the outcomes that benefit the most individuals, even if they might not always align with individual preferences.

B. "I will respect the decision of a client who has a chronic illness to stop treatment.": This reflects the principle of autonomy, not utilitarianism. Autonomy focuses on respecting an individual's right to make their own decisions, rather than the greater good.

C. "I will place a higher emphasis on human dignity than on the needs of a group.": This statement leans more toward a deontological perspective, which prioritizes individual rights and dignity over collective benefits.

D. "I will withhold a terminal diagnosis from a client who has cancer.": This reflects a paternalistic approach, where decisions are made by healthcare providers for the patient, which is not a principle of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism would consider the benefits and harms of full disclosure to the patient, rather than withholding information.

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A nurse is collecting data from a 9-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about disease management with a client who has GERD. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A charge nurse in a long-term care facility is discussing ethical theories with a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse identify as an indication that a newly licensed nurse understands utilitarianism?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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