A nurse is collecting data from a client who has AIDS. The nurse notes that the client has multiple, widespread purplish-brown skin lesions. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following types of skin lesions?

Actinic keratosis

Kaposi's sarcoma

Actinic dermatitis

Basal cell carcinoma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Actinic keratosis is a rough, scaly patch on the skin caused by long-term sun exposure. It is usually not purplish-brown and is more common in fair-skinned individuals. These lesions are considered pre-cancerous and can develop into squamous cell carcinoma if left untreated. The description of purplish-brown lesions in the context of an AIDS diagnosis is more indicative of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Choice B reason: Kaposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer that forms in the lining of blood and lymph vessels. It often presents as purplish-brown, red, or bluish lesions on the skin or mucous membranes and is commonly associated with AIDS. The multiple, widespread nature of the lesions described aligns with the typical presentation of Kaposi's sarcoma, making it the most likely diagnosis in this scenario.

Choice C reason: Actinic dermatitis, also known as photodermatitis, is an inflammatory reaction of the skin to sunlight. It does not typically present as purplish-brown lesions. This condition manifests as redness, swelling, and possibly blistering in sun-exposed areas. The description given is not consistent with actinic dermatitis and points more towards Kaposi's sarcoma in an AIDS client.

Choice D reason: Basal cell carcinoma does not usually present with multiple, widespread purplish-brown lesions. It is typically a localized lesion that appears as a pearly or waxy bump. The description of multiple, widespread lesions is more characteristic of Kaposi's sarcoma in clients with AIDS, making basal cell carcinoma an unlikely diagnosis in this context.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Taking a laxative the day before an IVP is a common preparation to clear the intestines for better imaging. This statement does not require additional data collection.

Choice B reason: The correct answer is b because taking metformin before an IVP can increase the risk of lactic acidosis, a serious complication. Metformin should be temporarily discontinued before and after the procedure, and the nurse should gather more information to manage the client’s diabetes safely.

Choice C reason: Fasting before an IVP is standard procedure to ensure clear imaging. This statement does not require additional data collection.

Choice D reason: Painful voiding may be related to kidney stones but is not a contraindication for an IVP. This statement does not require additional data collection.

A. Rub the client's feet briskly for several minutes. B. Obtain a pair of slipper socks for the client. C. Increase the client's oral fluid intake. D. Place a moist heating pad under the client's feet.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Rubbing the client's feet briskly can increase circulation temporarily, but it may also cause discomfort or irritation, especially if the client has compromised vascular health.

Choice B reason: The correct answer is b because obtaining a pair of slipper socks for the client can help keep the feet warm and improve comfort. Warm socks are a non-invasive and safe way to address the client's complaint of cold feet.

Choice C reason: Increasing the client's oral fluid intake is important for overall health, but it is not a direct solution for addressing cold feet due to vascular occlusion.

Choice D reason: Placing a moist heating pad under the client's feet can be risky, especially for clients with vascular issues, as it can lead to burns or skin damage. Dry heat, if used, should be carefully monitored to avoid injury.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has AIDS. The nurse notes that the client has multiple, widespread purplish-brown skin lesions. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following types of skin lesions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has recurrent kidney stones and a history of diabetes mellitus. The client is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). The nurse should collect additional data about which of the following statements made by the client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Following admission, a client with a vascular occlusion of the right lower extremity calls the nurse and reports difficulty sleeping because of cold feet. Which of the following nursing actions should the nurse take to promote the client's comfort?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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