A nurse is collecting data from a client who has alcohol use disorder and is experiencing withdrawal. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Choice A Reason:

Urinary retention can be a side effect of opioids used in PCA, but it is not a direct indicator of unrelieved pain.

Choice B Reason:

Constipation is a potential side effect of opioid medications, but it does not directly indicate unrelieved pain.

Choice C Reason:

Difficulty swallowing is not a typical indicator of unrelieved pain but may be related to other factors such as postoperative effects or medication side effects.

Choice D Reason:

Clenched teeth can be an indicator of unrelieved pain in a client receiving patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). It suggests that the client is experiencing discomfort and may be trying to endure the pain rather than using the PCA pump to self-administer pain relief. Clients who are in pain may clench their teeth as a response to pain or discomfort.

Choice A Reason:

Encourage the client to be assertive. One of the goals in managing a client with dependent personality disorder is to gradually increase their independence and self-confidence. Encouraging the client to be more assertive and make decisions for themselves, with appropriate guidance and support, can be beneficial in their long-term recovery. However, it should be done gradually and with the assistance of therapy and counseling. The other options are not appropriate:

Choice B Reason:

Assuming responsibility for making the client’s, decisions would not help the client develop independence and could perpetuate their dependency.

Choice C Reason:

Maintaining a verbal no-harm contract is not specifically related to managing dependent personality disorder. It might be relevant for clients with suicidal ideation or self-harm tendencies, but it's not a primary intervention for this condition.

Choice D Reason:

Limiting the client's social interactions is not a recommended approach. Encouraging healthy social interactions and relationships can be beneficial for clients with dependent personality disorder, as long as they are appropriate and not reinforcing dependency. Explanation