A nurse is collecting data from a client who has mitral stenosis. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of this condition?
S3 heart sound
Dyspnea on exertion
Cyanosis
S4 Heart Sound
The Correct Answer is B
A. S3 heart sound: An S3 heart sound is often associated with heart failure and volume overload, not specifically mitral stenosis.
B. Dyspnea on exertion: Dyspnea on exertion is a classic symptom of mitral stenosis. The narrowing of the mitral valve restricts blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, causing pulmonary congestion and shortness of breath, especially during physical activity.
C. Cyanosis: While cyanosis can occur in advanced stages of heart disease, it is not a primary symptom of mitral stenosis. It indicates severe oxygenation issues, which are usually late findings.
D. S4 heart sound: An S4 heart sound is typically associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, which can occur in advanced cases of mitral stenosis. However, it's not a specific early manifestation of the condition.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. S3 heart sound: An S3 heart sound is often associated with heart failure and volume overload, not specifically mitral stenosis.
B. Dyspnea on exertion: Dyspnea on exertion is a classic symptom of mitral stenosis. The narrowing of the mitral valve restricts blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, causing pulmonary congestion and shortness of breath, especially during physical activity.
C. Cyanosis: While cyanosis can occur in advanced stages of heart disease, it is not a primary symptom of mitral stenosis. It indicates severe oxygenation issues, which are usually late findings.
D. S4 heart sound: An S4 heart sound is typically associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, which can occur in advanced cases of mitral stenosis. However, it's not a specific early manifestation of the condition.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Limit movement of the lower extremities. Limiting movement increases the risk of venous stasis, which can lead to DVT. Regular movement and ambulation are encouraged to promote blood circulation.
B. Place sequential compression devices bilaterally. Sequential compression devices (SCDs) help promote venous return and prevent venous stasis, thereby reducing the risk of DVT.
C. Massage lower extremities daily. Massaging the legs is contraindicated in clients at risk for DVT because it can dislodge a clot and lead to pulmonary embolism.
D. Check for negative Homans' sign. The Homans' sign (pain in the calf on dorsiflexion of the foot) is not a reliable indicator of DVT and is no longer recommended as a standard assessment method.
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