A nurse is collecting data from a client who has shallow respirations and a respiratory rate of 9/min.
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse expect?

Metabolic acidosis.

Respiratory alkalosis.

Metabolic alkalosis.

Respiratory acidosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

A respiratory rate of 9/min and shallow respirations are indicative of hypoventilation, which can lead to an accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood. This condition results in respiratory acidosis (Choice D). In respiratory acidosis, the arterial pH is decreased (acidic) while the PaCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) is elevated.

Choice B rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis (Choice B) is characterized by a low PaCO2 and an elevated pH due to hyperventilation. Shallow respirations and a respiratory rate of 9/min do not align with this condition, as it typically involves rapid and deep breathing.

Choice C rationale:

Metabolic alkalosis (Choice C) results from a primary excess of bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the blood and is not associated with the given respiratory patterns. Shallow respirations and a low respiratory rate are more likely to lead to an accumulation of CO2, causing respiratory acidosis (Choice D).

Choice D rationale:

The correct answer is choice D. Shallow respirations and a respiratory rate of 9/min indicate hypoventilation, leading to an accumulation of CO2 in the blood. This condition results in respiratory acidosis, where the arterial pH is decreased. The body's compensatory response is to retain bicarbonate to normalize pH, but this can result in an elevated HCO3- level. The primary acid-base imbalance in this case is respiratory acidosis. .

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Albuterol primarily acts as a bronchodilator by opening up the airways. It does not have a significant anti-inflammatory effect. Inhaled corticosteroids are more commonly used to reduce airway inflammation in asthma.

Choice B rationale:

Albuterol, a beta-2 agonist, helps with breathing by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, which opens them up. This action allows for improved airflow and ease of breathing. Therefore, this choice is correct.

Choice C rationale:

Albuterol is used to relieve bronchospasm, which can prevent wheezing in individuals with asthma. It does not have a direct effect on reducing mucus production or coughing.

Choice D rationale:

Albuterol does not increase the amount of mucus production. In fact, it can help reduce coughing by relieving bronchospasm, but it does not directly suppress coughing episodes.

Choice E rationale:

Albuterol can help reduce coughing episodes by improving airflow and reducing the irritation that leads to coughing.

A. Cool, clammy skin. B. Increased salivation. C. Hypertension. D. Decreased level of consciousness.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Cool, clammy skin is not a typical manifestation of hypernatremia (high sodium levels). Hypernatremia is characterized by an excess of sodium in the blood, which typically leads to symptoms such as thirst, dry mucous membranes, and decreased skin turgor. Cool, clammy skin is more often associated with conditions like shock or hypoglycemia.

Choice B rationale:

Increased salivation is not a common manifestation of hypernatremia. Instead, hypernatremia often leads to signs of dehydration, including dry mouth and decreased salivation.

Choice C rationale:

Hypertension is not a direct manifestation of hypernatremia. Hypernatremia can cause increased blood pressure, but it is not one of the typical clinical signs of hypernatremia. Hypertension is more commonly associated with conditions like high sodium intake, kidney disease, or primary hypertension.

Choice D rationale:

A decreased level of consciousness is a significant manifestation of hypernatremia. Elevated sodium levels in the blood can lead to cellular dehydration, affecting brain cells and resulting in neurological symptoms such as confusion, lethargy, and decreased consciousness. Severe hypernatremia can even lead to seizures and coma. .

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has shallow respirations and a respiratory rate of 9/min.Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has shallow respirations and a respiratory rate of 9/min.
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse expect?