A nurse is completing a client’s assessment.
Which of the following should the nurse consider as objective data?

Choice A rationale
Fatigue is a subjective symptom reported by the client. It is based on the client’s personal experience and cannot be objectively measured or observed by the nurse. Therefore, it is not considered objective data.
Choice B rationale
Dizziness is also a subjective symptom reported by the client. It reflects the client’s personal experience and cannot be directly observed or measured by the nurse. As such, it is not considered objective data.
Choice C rationale
Numbness is another subjective symptom reported by the client. It is based on the client’s personal sensation and cannot be objectively measured or observed by the nurse. Therefore, it is not considered objective data.
Choice D rationale
Physical examination results are objective data. They are obtained through direct observation, measurement, and assessment by the nurse. Examples of objective data include vital signs, physical examination findings, and laboratory results. These data are reproducible and can be verified by other healthcare professionals.

Choice A rationale
Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of disease to prevent progression. Demonstrating how to administer insulin is not an example of secondary prevention.
Choice B rationale
Disease prevention is a broad term that encompasses all levels of prevention. It is not specific enough to describe the nurse’s action in this scenario.
Choice C rationale
Tertiary prevention involves managing and improving the quality of life for individuals with chronic diseases. Demonstrating how to administer insulin to a diabetic patient is an example of tertiary prevention, as it helps the patient manage their condition and prevent complications.
Choice D rationale
Primary prevention involves preventing the onset of disease through measures such as vaccination and health education. Administering insulin to a diabetic patient is not an example of primary prevention.