A nurse is caring for a client with cognitive impairment.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take to enhance understanding?

Avoid eye contact to prevent confusion.

Speak quickly to maintain the client’s attention.

Allow the client extra time to respond.

Use complex sentences to stimulate cognitive function.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Avoiding eye contact to prevent confusion is incorrect. Eye contact is an important aspect of effective communication and helps to establish a connection with the client. Avoiding eye contact can make the client feel ignored or unimportant, which can hinder understanding and trust.
Choice B rationale
Speaking quickly to maintain the client’s attention is incorrect. Clients with cognitive impairment may have difficulty processing information quickly. Speaking slowly and clearly allows the client more time to understand and respond to the information being communicated.
Choice C rationale
Allowing the client extra time to respond is correct. Clients with cognitive impairment may need additional time to process information and formulate a response. Allowing extra time helps to ensure that the client fully understands the information and can respond appropriately.
Choice D rationale
Using complex sentences to stimulate cognitive function is incorrect. Simple and clear communication is more effective for clients with cognitive impairment. Complex sentences can be confusing and difficult for the client to understand, which can hinder effective communication.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
An advance directive is a legal document that outlines a patient’s wishes regarding medical treatment in situations where they are unable to communicate their decisions. It includes instructions on life-sustaining treatments, resuscitation, and other medical interventions. This ensures that the patient’s preferences are respected and followed by healthcare providers.
Choice B rationale
A document that specifies the final arrangements for the patient is not an advance directive. Final arrangements typically refer to funeral and burial plans, which are not related to medical treatment decisions. Advance directives focus on medical care and treatment preferences.
Choice C rationale
A legal document that designates a person to make healthcare decisions for the patient is known as a durable power of attorney for healthcare or healthcare proxy. While this is an important component of advance care planning, it is not the same as an advance directive. An advance directive specifically outlines the patient’s treatment preferences.
Choice D rationale
A legal document that communicates the patient’s wishes regarding their care is a broader description that can include various types of advance care planning documents. However, the best description of an advance directive is a document that outlines the patient’s wishes regarding medical treatment.

A. I will keep the fluorescent ceiling light on in my room at night. B. I will keep my walker at the end of my bed. C. I will place grip bars in my shower to use when I bathe. D. I will place an area rug at the entry of my bathroom.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Keeping the fluorescent ceiling light on at night can cause glare and disrupt sleep, which is not ideal for safety. It may also create shadows that can be disorienting.
Choice B rationale
Keeping the walker at the end of the bed is not practical. The walker should be within easy reach to ensure the client can use it immediately upon getting out of bed.
Choice C rationale
Placing grip bars in the shower is a correct and effective safety measure. Grip bars provide stability and support, reducing the risk of falls while bathing.
Choice D rationale
Placing an area rug at the entry of the bathroom can be a tripping hazard. Rugs can slip or bunch up, increasing the risk of falls.

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A nurse is caring for a client with cognitive impairment. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to enhance understanding?

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A nurse is caring for a client with cognitive impairment.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take to enhance understanding?