A nurse is completing a newborn assessment and notices small white nodules on the roof of the newborn’s mouth. This finding is characteristic of which of the following conditions?
Erythema toxicum
Mongolian spots
Epstein’s pearls
Milia spots
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Erythema toxicum is a common rash seen in newborns, characterized by blotchy red spots on the skin with overlying white or yellow papules or pustules. It does not present as small white nodules on the roof of the mouth.
Choice B rationale
Mongolian spots are a type of birthmark that are flat, blue, or blue-gray. They appear at birth or in the first or second week of life. They look similar to bruises and are most often found on the buttocks or lower back, but are never found on the roof of the mouth.
Choice C rationale
Epstein pearls are small, harmless white or yellow nodules that may appear along your newborn baby’s gums or on the roof of their mouth. They are common and usually go away within three months after birth.
Choice D rationale
Milia spots are tiny white bumps that appear across a baby’s nose, chin or cheeks. Milia are common in newborns but can occur at any age. Unlike Epstein pearls, they do not appear on the roof of the mouth.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Applying a pressure dressing four hours after discharge is not typically recommended following a cardiac catheterization. The site of the catheter insertion is usually covered with a simple dressing and observed for any signs of bleeding or swelling.
Choice B rationale
While it’s important to monitor for signs of impaired circulation, such as a cool extremity, this is not the primary concern following a cardiac catheterization. The procedure involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel, not typically affecting the peripheral temperature of the extremities.
Choice C rationale
Administering acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain as needed is a common recommendation following procedures like a balloon angioplasty. Pain can result from the catheter insertion site and these medications can help manage it.
Choice D rationale
Maintaining a clear liquid diet for 24 hours after discharge is not typically necessary following a cardiac catheterization. Once the child is alert, they are usually provided with clear liquids and later something to eat.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Flushing and sweating can be an indication of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Magnesium sulfate is a medication used to prevent seizures in women with severe preeclampsia. However, if the levels of magnesium become too high, it can lead to toxicity15.
Choice B rationale
A decreased level of consciousness can be an indication of magnesium sulfate toxicity. High levels of magnesium can affect the central nervous system, leading to drowsiness, lethargy, and decreased responsiveness15.
Choice C rationale
Urinary output less than 30 mL/hr can be an indication of magnesium sulfate toxicity. Magnesium sulfate can affect kidney function, leading to decreased urine output15.
Choice D rationale
Respirations fewer than 12/min can be an indication of magnesium sulfate toxicity. High levels of magnesium can depress the respiratory system, leading to slow or shallow breathing15.
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