A nurse is conducting a health history with a client who has recently had a stroke. The nurse notes the client is unable to speak, although his comprehension/ understanding is intact. Which disorder of speech is the nurse observing in this client?

Expressive Aphasia

Aphonia

Receptive Aphasia

Dysphonia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Expressive aphasia (also known as Broca’s aphasia) is a condition where the individual has difficulty producing speech or writing, despite having relatively intact comprehension and awareness of their

communication difficulties. This condition often results from damage to Broca’s area in the left frontal lobe of the brain
B.   Aphonia refers to the loss of voice or the inability to produce vocal sounds. It is typically associated with a physical issue affecting the vocal cords or larynx, such as vocal cord paralysis or severe laryngitis. Aphonia does not necessarily affect comprehension or the ability to understand speech, but rather the ability to produce sound.
C.   Receptive aphasia (also known as Wernicke’s aphasia) is characterized by difficulty understanding or processing language, despite fluent speech production. Individuals with receptive aphasia often speak in long sentences that lack meaning or include incorrect or nonsensical words, and they have impaired comprehension
D.   Dysphonia refers to difficulty in producing speech due to issues with the voice, such as hoarseness or discomfort, often related to vocal cord problems. While it affects the quality of the voice, it does not necessarily impact the ability to understand language or produce speech in a meaningful way. Dysphonia is not the correct choice for the scenario described.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Decorticate rigidity is characterized by flexion of the arms and extension of the legs. In this posture, the upper arms are flexed and held tightly to the sides, with the elbows, wrists, and fingers also flexed. The legs are extended and internally rotated.
B. Flaccid posture, or flaccidity, is characterized by a complete lack of muscle tone, which leads to a limp and lifeless appearance. There is no resistance to passive movement, and the muscles are weak or paralyzed.

C. Decerebrate rigidity is characterized by extension of both the arms and the legs. In this posture, the arms are extended at the sides with the wrists and fingers flexed, and the legs are extended and internally rotated. This type of rigidity indicates damage to the brainstem below the red nucleus.
D. Hemiplegia refers to paralysis of one side of the body, which can result from brain injury or stroke affecting one hemisphere of the brain. The affected side will have limited or no movement and muscle tone.

A. Bursitis B. Meningitis C. Spondylitis D. Arthritis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bursitis is the inflammation of the bursa, a small fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between bones and soft tissues. It typically causes localized pain and tenderness in the area of the bursa, often in the shoulders, elbows, or hips.

B. Meningitis is an infection or inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord (the meninges). It often presents with symptoms such as fever, headache, neck stiffness, and photophobia. The neck stiffness, particularly difficulty flexing the head forward (nuchal rigidity), is a classic sign.
C. Spondylitis refers to inflammation of the spine. It can present with chronic back pain and stiffness but is typically associated with long-term symptoms rather than acute systemic symptoms like fever and chills. Conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis can cause chronic back pain and stiffness but are less likely to present with acute fever and headache.
D. Arthritis is inflammation of the joints and can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness in the affected joints. While arthritis can affect the neck (cervical spine arthritis), it typically does not present with systemic symptoms such as fever and chills unless there is an associated infection or inflammatory process.

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A nurse is conducting a health history with a client who has recently had a stroke. The nurse notes the client is unable to speak, although his comprehension/ understanding is intact. Which disorder of speech is the nurse observing in this client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In the Neuro ICU, a comatose patient has this posture in bed: Upper arms are flexed tight to the sides with elbows, wrists, and fingers flexed. The legs are extended and internally rotated. The nurse interprets this posture as:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is conducting a health history with a client who has recently had a stroke. The nurse notes the client is unable to speak, although his comprehension/ understanding is intact. Which disorder of speech is the nurse observing in this client?