A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a school-age child who has sickle-cell disease and is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to include in the plan of care?

Limit ﬂuid intake during the evening

Perform passive range-of-motion exercises.

Apply cold compresses to painful areas.

Provide a low-protein diet

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

b. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises.

During a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle-cell disease, blood ﬂow to certain areas of the body may be restricted, leading to pain and tissue damage. Passive range-of-motion exercises can help promote blood circulation and prevent joint stiﬀness and further complications. These exercises involve gently moving the child's joints through their full range of motion without active participation from the child.

Explanation for the other options:

a. Limit ﬂuid intake during the evening: Fluid intake is important in sickle-cell disease to prevent dehydration and maintain adequate blood ﬂow. Restricting ﬂuid intake during a vaso-occlusive crisis can further contribute to dehydration and may worsen the crisis. It is important to encourage ﬂuid intake unless otherwise instructed by the healthcare provider.

c. Apply cold compresses to painful areas: Cold compresses are not recommended during a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle-cell disease. Cold temperatures can cause vasoconstriction and further worsen the blood ﬂow to aﬀected areas, leading to increased pain and tissue damage. Warm compresses or warm packs may be used to promote vasodilation and provide pain relief.

d. Provide a low-protein diet: A low-protein diet is not specifically indicated in the plan of care for a vaso- occlusive crisis in sickle-cell disease. Adequate protein intake is important for overall nutritional needs and tissue repair. The focus of nutritional management in sickle-cell disease is usually on a well-balanced diet that includes adequate hydration and appropriate nutrient intake.

In summary, performing passive range-of-motion exercises is an appropriate intervention to include in the

plan of care for a school-age child experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle-cell disease.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

c. Ringing in the ears.

Explanation:

Cefazolin is an antibiotic medication that belongs to the class of cephalosporins. While it is generally safe and well-tolerated, it can have potential side eﬀects that should be monitored and reported to the healthcare provider. One of the potential side eﬀects of cefazolin is ototoxicity, which can manifest as ringing in the ears (tinnitus) or other hearing disturbances. If the adolescent experiences any ringing in the ears or changes in hearing while taking cefazolin, it should be reported to the healthcare provider for further evaluation.

Options a, b, and d are not specifically associated with the use of cefazolin. Constipation can occur due to various reasons unrelated to this medication. Elevated skin patches may be indicative of an allergic reaction or other skin condition but are not specific to cefazolin. Depression is not a common side eﬀect of cefazolin and should be evaluated separately if experienced by the adolescent.

A. Encourage the client to talk about current events. B. Give directions using simple phrases C. Orient the client to time and place twice per day D. Rotate assistive personnel to help the client with ADLs

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

b. Give directions using simple phrases.

The correct answer is b. Give directions using simple phrases.

Explanation:

When assisting with the plan of care for a client with Alzheimer's disease, it is important to consider their cognitive impairments and provide appropriate interventions. Giving directions using simple phrases is recommended because it helps the client beter understand and follow instructions. Complex or lengthy directions can be confusing and overwhelming for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Using clear and concise language can enhance communication and facilitate the client's ability to engage in activities of daily living.

Explanation for the other options:

a. Encourage the client to talk about current events: While social interaction and engagement are beneficial for clients with Alzheimer's disease, their ability to comprehend and discuss current events may be limited due to cognitive impairments. It is important to adapt communication to the client's cognitive abilities and interests.

c. Orient the client to time and place twice per day: Frequent orientation to time and place can be helpful for clients with Alzheimer's disease, but the specific frequency should be based on the individual's needs and preferences. Some individuals may require more frequent orientation, while others may find it overwhelming. The plan of care should be individualized to address the client's specific needs.

d. Rotate assistive personnel to help the client with ADLs: Consistency and familiarity are important for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Rotating assistive personnel frequently may disrupt the client's routine and cause increased confusion and agitation. Whenever possible, it is best to maintain a consistent caregiving team to provide familiarity and establish a therapeutic relationship with the client.

In summary, giving directions using simple phrases is an appropriate action when assisting with the plan of care for a client with Alzheimer's disease. This approach promotes eﬀective communication and enhances the client's ability to understand and follow instructions.

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A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a school-age child who has sickle-cell disease and is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to include in the plan of care?

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Correct Answer is C

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