A nurse is discussing pertussis with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Prophylactic treatment is offered to those who have been in close contact with an infected child in the past 60 days.

Severe, prolonged episodes of coughing is a characteristic manifestation of this infection.

A painful, stiff neck is a common manifestation of this infection.

An antiviral medication is administered to treat this infection.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Prophylactic treatment is offered to those who have been in close contact with an infected child in the past 60 days. While prophylactic antibiotics (such as azithromycin) are recommended for close contacts of an infected person, the timeframe for exposure is within the past 21 days, not 60 days.

B. Severe, prolonged episodes of coughing is a characteristic manifestation of this infection. Pertussis (whooping cough) is marked by severe coughing fits followed by a "whooping" sound during inhalation. The cough is paroxysmal (sudden and violent), prolonged, and can lead to vomiting, exhaustion, or respiratory distress.

C. A painful, stiff neck is a common manifestation of this infection. A stiff neck (nuchal rigidity) is more commonly associated with meningitis, not pertussis. Pertussis primarily affects the respiratory system, causing a severe cough.

D. An antiviral medication is administered to treat this infection. Pertussis is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, so it is treated with antibiotics (e.g., azithromycin, clarithromycin, or erythromycin), not antivirals.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "You must breastfeed to give the baby the best nutrients." While breastfeeding provides essential nutrients, it is not recommended for mothers with HIV due to the risk of viral transmission through breast milk, even if the mother is on antiretroviral therapy.

B. "Breastfeeding is not recommended because of the high risk of transmission." HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, and health organizations, including the WHO and CDC, advise against breastfeeding if safe alternatives, such as formula feeding, are available. Formula feeding is the preferred method in high-resource settings.

C. "Pumped breastmilk may be given to your child." Pumping does not eliminate HIV from breast milk. The virus remains present, posing the same transmission risk as direct breastfeeding.

D. "You should sterilize your pumped breastmilk prior to feeding." There is no reliable method for sterilizing breast milk at home that effectively eliminates HIV without destroying its nutritional value. Instead, formula feeding or donor milk from screened sources is recommended.

A. Breathing techniques B. Work extended shifts C. Facilitate discussion on vicarious trauma D. Take sleep aids at night E. Guided imagery

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Breathing techniques. Deep breathing exercises help reduce stress, promote relaxation, and lower anxiety, making them an effective strategy to mitigate burnout among healthcare staff.

B. Work extended shifts. Long shifts contribute to burnout by increasing physical and emotional exhaustion. Encouraging shorter shifts and adequate rest periods is more beneficial for staff well-being.

C. Facilitate discussion on vicarious trauma. Caring for terminally ill children can lead to compassion fatigue and secondary trauma. Providing a safe space for staff to discuss their experiences helps in processing emotions and reducing emotional distress.

D. Take sleep aids at night. While sleep is essential, relying on sleep aids is not a recommended long-term strategy for managing burnout. Encouraging healthy sleep hygiene and relaxation techniques is a safer approach.

E. Guided imagery. This stress-reduction technique involves visualizing calming and peaceful scenes, helping healthcare staff manage emotional strain and maintain resilience in a high-stress environment.

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A nurse is discussing pertussis with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing education about nutrition for a patient who has HIV and has a newborn. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse manager is preparing to discuss methods to mitigate burnout with their staff who care for terminally ill children. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the discussion? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

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