A nurse is collecting data from a client who presents with a partial thickness burn. Which of the following does the nurse suspect as the cause of the client's condition?

An electrical source

Contact with hot liquid

A mild sunburn

Contact with a flame

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. An electrical source. Electrical burns often cause deep tissue damage that may not be visible on the surface. These burns can extend beyond the skin, affecting muscles, nerves, and internal organs, making them more severe than partial-thickness burns.

B. Contact with hot liquid. Scald burns from hot liquids (e.g., boiling water, coffee, soup) are a common cause of partial-thickness burns. These burns affect the epidermis and part of the dermis, leading to blistering, redness, and pain.

C. A mild sunburn. Mild sunburns typically cause superficial burns (first-degree burns), affecting only the epidermis and resulting in redness and discomfort without blisters. Partial-thickness burns involve deeper skin layers.

D. Contact with a flame. Direct contact with a flame is more likely to cause deeper burns, often resulting in full-thickness burns (third-degree) rather than partial-thickness burns.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A 3-year-old toddler who aspirated several sunflower seeds and continues to cough with an O₂ saturation of 91%. This child is the highest priority due to the risk of airway obstruction. Persistent coughing and decreased oxygen saturation suggest partial obstruction, which could worsen. Immediate assessment and intervention are necessary to prevent respiratory distress or complete airway blockage.

B. A 6-year-old child admitted with asthma exacerbation who used a rescue inhaler 16 hours ago. While asthma exacerbations can be serious, this child is currently stable since there is no indication of respiratory distress or worsening symptoms requiring immediate intervention.

C. A 15-year-old adolescent who had a laparoscopic appendectomy 30 hours ago, rates their pain a 3 on a scale of 1 to 10, and is preparing for discharge this morning. This client is stable, with mild pain and no reported complications. They do not require immediate attention.

D. An 18-month-old admitted for dehydration 2 days ago who has had six wet diapers in the last 24 hours and ate 90% of their meals. This child's hydration status appears to be improving, with adequate urine output and good oral intake, making them a lower priority compared to a child with respiratory compromise.

A. “Fragile X syndrome follows an autosomal recessive pattern, so both genetic parents must carry the gene mutation for a child to be affected." B. "Since your child has fragile X syndrome, all of your future sons will also have the condition, but your daughters will not be affected." C. “Fragile X syndrome is inherited in a mitochondrial pattern which means it is passed from the pregnant individual to child through the mitochondrial DNA.” D. “Fragile X syndrome is inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern, which means that if a pregnant client carries the gene mutation, each child has a 50% chance of Inheriting the condition."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. “Fragile X syndrome follows an autosomal recessive pattern, so both genetic parents must carry the gene mutation for a child to be affected.” Fragile X syndrome is not autosomal recessive; it is X-linked dominant, meaning it is associated with mutations in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome. Only one copy of the mutated gene is needed to express the condition.

B. "Since your child has fragile X syndrome, all of your future sons will also have the condition, but your daughters will not be affected." This is incorrect because not all sons will necessarily inherit the condition, and daughters can also be affected, though they often have milder symptoms due to having two X chromosomes.

C. “Fragile X syndrome is inherited in a mitochondrial pattern which means it is passed from the pregnant individual to the child through mitochondrial DNA.” Mitochondrial inheritance involves genes from the mother’s mitochondria, but fragile X syndrome is not inherited this way—it is an X-linked disorder passed down through the X chromosome.

D. “Fragile X syndrome is inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern, which means that if a pregnant client carries the gene mutation, each child has a 50% chance of inheriting the condition.” This is correct. Fragile X syndrome is X-linked dominant, and a parent who carries the full mutation has a 50% chance of passing it to each child. Males typically have more severe symptoms than females due to having only one X chromosome.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who presents with a partial thickness burn. Which of the following does the nurse suspect as the cause of the client's condition?

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