A nurse is discussing the prevalence of congenital heart diseases with a client. Which population should the nurse identify as having the highest risk for these conditions?
Middle-aged adults
Elderly individuals
Pregnant women
Neonates and infants
The Correct Answer is D
A) This option is incorrect. Middle-aged adults are not considered a high-risk population for congenital heart diseases. These conditions are primarily present from birth.
B) This option is incorrect. Elderly individuals are not at high risk for congenital heart diseases since these conditions are typically diagnosed at birth or during childhood.
C) This option is incorrect. While prenatal diagnosis of certain congenital heart diseases is possible through fetal echocardiography, pregnant women themselves are not at a higher risk for developing these conditions.
D) Correct answer. Neonates and infants are the highest-risk population for congenital heart diseases because these conditions are typically present from birth and may become apparent shortly after delivery or during infancy.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct answer. Genetic factors and chromosomal abnormalities are among the primary causes of congenital heart diseases. These conditions often arise due to errors in heart development during fetal growth.
B) This option is incorrect. While certain environmental factors may increase the risk of congenital heart diseases, they are not the leading cause of these conditions.
C) This option is incorrect. Unhealthy lifestyle choices, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, may contribute to heart diseases in adults, but they are not the primary cause of congenital heart diseases.
D) This option is incorrect. Vaccination is important for preventing certain infections, but it is not directly related to the cause or prevention of congenital heart diseases.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) This option is incorrect. Maternal age is a non-modifiable risk factor. However, it is important to educate parents about other factors they can control during pregnancy.
B) This option is incorrect. Family history of heart diseases is a non-modifiable risk factor since it relates to the genetic predisposition for certain conditions.
C) Correct answer. Exposure to environmental toxins can be a modifiable risk factor if expectant parents take appropriate measures to avoid exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy. This may include avoiding certain chemicals, pollutants, and teratogenic agents.
D) This option is incorrect. Genetic inheritance is a non-modifiable risk factor for congenital heart diseases, as it relates to the transmission of genes from parents to their children.
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