A nurse is discussing the prevalence of congenital heart diseases with a client. Which population should the nurse identify as having the highest risk for these conditions?

A) The answer is A. Mild cyanosis during crying or feeding can indicate inadequate oxygenation and increased workload on the heart. This symptom requires immediate intervention to ensure proper oxygen supply to vital organs.

B) Incorrect. Occasional heart palpitations may not be a severe concern and may not require immediate intervention. However, the healthcare provider should still be notified for further evaluation.

C) Incorrect. Fatigue after physical activity is common in clients with congenital heart diseases due to compromised cardiac function. Although it needs attention, it does not require immediate intervention.

D) Incorrect. A heart murmur audible throughout systole and diastole can indicate structural heart abnormalities. While it requires medical follow-up, it may not need immediate intervention unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

A) This option is incorrect. Not all medications are safe to use during pregnancy, and some may pose risks to the developing baby, including potential congenital heart defects.

B) Correct answer. Some medications, like certain antihypertensives and medications with known teratogenic effects, can increase the risk of congenital heart diseases if used during pregnancy. It is essential for pregnant individuals to work closely with their healthcare providers to manage any medical conditions and choose safe medications during pregnancy.

C) This option is incorrect. Some vaccinations are recommended during pregnancy to protect both the mother and the baby from certain infections. Properly administered vaccinations during pregnancy are generally safe and do not significantly impact heart development.

D) This option is incorrect. Medication use during pregnancy can have various effects on the developing baby, and certain medications may increase the risk of congenital heart diseases.