A nurse is educating a group of clients about the risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI). Which risk factor is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for MI?

Smoking.

Sedentary lifestyle.

Diabetes mellitus.

Family history of MI.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This choice is incorrect because smoking is a modifiable risk factor for MI. Cessation of smoking can significantly reduce the risk of developing MI and other cardiovascular diseases.

B) This choice is incorrect because a sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor for MI. Engaging in regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of MI.

C) This choice is incorrect because diabetes mellitus is a modifiable risk factor for MI. Managing diabetes through lifestyle changes, medications, and blood sugar control can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications, including MI.

D) This choice is correct. A family history of MI is a non-modifiable risk factor because it is based on genetic factors that cannot be changed through lifestyle modifications. Having a close relative with a history of MI increases an individual's risk of developing MI, but it cannot be altered or eliminated through lifestyle changes.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is not the most concerning finding among the options presented. A blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg is within a normal range and does not indicate an immediate risk to the client.

B) This choice is not the most concerning finding among the options presented. A heart rate of 90 beats per minute is within a normal range and does not indicate an immediate risk to the client.

C) This choice is not the most concerning finding among the options presented. An oxygen saturation of 95% on room air is within a normal range and does not indicate an immediate risk to the client.

D) This choice is correct. An elevated ST segment on the electrocardiogram (ECG) is an important sign of an acute myocardial infarction (MI). It indicates myocardial ischemia and injury. The nurse should take immediate action, such as notifying the healthcare provider and implementing appropriate interventions for the client's acute coronary syndrome. Prompt medical intervention is crucial to minimize cardiac damage and improve the client's prognosis.

Questions

A. Encourage the client to stop taking the medications if side effects occur. B. Explain that side effects are rare and unlikely to happen. C. Provide information about possible side effects and when to report them to the healthcare provider. D. Suggest the client take over-the-counter medications to manage any side effects.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because encouraging the client to stop taking medications without consulting the healthcare provider can be dangerous, especially after an MI. Medications prescribed after an MI are essential for managing cardiovascular risks and should not be discontinued without medical advice.

B) This choice is incorrect because it is not appropriate to downplay the potential side effects of medications. While side effects may be uncommon, it is essential to provide accurate information and address the client's concerns.

C) This choice is correct. Providing information about possible side effects and instructing the client to report any adverse reactions to the healthcare provider is essential. It empowers the client to recognize and manage potential side effects appropriately, ensuring that any concerns are addressed promptly by the healthcare team.

D) This choice is incorrect because suggesting over-the-counter medications without consulting the healthcare provider can be unsafe and may interact with prescribed medications. It is essential to address side effects with the healthcare team for appropriate management and adjustments to the medication regimen if needed.

Questions

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A nurse is educating a group of clients about the risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI). Which risk factor is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for MI?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is admitted with chest pain, and the nurse is assessing for clinical manifestations of myocardial infarction (MI). Which assessment finding is concerning and requires immediate action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client who recently had an MI about the importance of medication adherence. The client expresses concerns about potential side effects of the prescribed medications. What should the nurse do to address the client's concerns effectively?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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