A nurse is educating a group of teenagers about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Which of the following statements accurately describes protozoal STIs?
Caused by viruses that infect the cells of the body; cannot be cured but can be managed with antiviral drugs.
Caused by protozoa that infect the genital tract; can be cured with antiprotozoal drugs; may cause vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis, or prostatitis if untreated.
Caused by bacteria that invade the mucous membranes or skin; can be cured with antibiotics; may cause complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, or congenital syphilis if untreated.
Mites or insects that infest the skin or hair of the genitals; can be cured with topical agents or oral drugs; may cause itching, rash, or secondary infection if untreated.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
This choice describes viral STIs, which are caused by viruses infecting body cells. While antiviral drugs can manage these infections, they cannot be completely cured. Examples of viral STIs include HIV and genital warts.
Choice B rationale:
Protozoal STIs are indeed caused by protozoa infecting the genital tract. They can be effectively treated with antiprotozoal drugs, and if left untreated, they may lead to various symptoms such as vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis, or prostatitis. Trichomoniasis is an example of a protozoal STI.
Choice C rationale:
This option refers to bacterial STIs, not protozoal ones. Bacterial STIs can be cured with antibiotics and may cause complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, or congenital syphilis if left untreated. Examples include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.
Choice D rationale:
This describes parasitic STIs caused by mites or insects infesting the genital skin or hair. These infections can be treated with topical agents or oral drugs. Examples include pubic lice (crabs) and scabies.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Informing sexual partners and encouraging them to get tested is a responsible action for preventing the spread of gonorrhea and is appropriate.
Choice B rationale:
Resistance testing to determine appropriate antibiotics is crucial in the management of antibiotic-resistant infections, demonstrating the patient's understanding.
Choice C rationale:
Taking antibiotics as prescribed and completing the full course is important to ensure complete eradication of the infection and reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance.
Choice D rationale:
This statement indicates a misunderstanding. Even after symptoms resolve, condom use should continue to prevent reinfection or transmission to partners.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
STIs are not exclusively caused by bacteria. They can also be caused by viruses (e.g., HIV, herpes), parasites (e.g., trichomoniasis), and other pathogens.
Choice B rationale:
STIs can be transmitted through various means, including sexual intercourse, but also through other forms of sexual contact (oral, anal), sharing of contaminated needles, and from mother to baby during childbirth or breastfeeding.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is inaccurate. Many STIs can have serious consequences for health, including infertility, chronic pain, cancer (e.g., HPV-related cervical cancer), and increased risk of other infections (e.g., HIV transmission is facilitated by some STIs)
Choice D rationale:
This is the correct choice. STIs can indeed affect anyone who engages in sexual activity, regardless of age or gender. Being sexually active without proper protection and precautions increases the risk of STI transmission.
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