A nurse is explaining directly observed therapy (DOT) to a client with active TB disease. What is the purpose of DOT?
To reduce the risk of resistance, relapse, or transmission.
To facilitate early diagnosis and treatment.
To evaluate the impact and effectiveness of TB control programs.
To identify and test persons who have been in close contact with active TB cases.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Directly observed therapy (DOT) is a treatment strategy used for clients with active tuberculosis (TB) disease. The purpose of DOT is to ensure that the client takes their TB medications as prescribed, under direct observation by a healthcare provider or trained healthcare worker. By directly observing the medication administration, DOT helps to ensure medication adherence, which is crucial in preventing the development of drug-resistant TB strains. It also reduces the risk of treatment failure, relapse of the disease, and transmission of TB to others. By closely monitoring the client's adherence to the treatment regimen, healthcare providers can intervene promptly if any issues arise during the course of treatment.
Choice B rationale:
Facilitating early diagnosis and treatment is an essential aspect of TB control; however, this is not the primary purpose of directly observed therapy (DOT) Early diagnosis helps to identify and initiate appropriate treatment promptly, but DOT is specifically implemented to monitor and enhance adherence during the course of treatment, particularly for those at risk of non-compliance.
Choice C rationale:
Evaluating the impact and effectiveness of TB control programs is an important public health measure, but it is not the direct purpose of DOT. DOT mainly focuses on individual client treatment adherence rather than assessing overall program effectiveness.
Choice D rationale:
Identifying and testing persons who have been in close contact with active TB cases is part of contact tracing and TB screening efforts, which are separate from the purpose of directly observed therapy (DOT) DOT is centered on the supervision of treatment for clients already diagnosed with active TB disease.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Abdominal pain is not commonly associated with tuberculosis (TB) TB primarily affects the lungs, and symptoms such as cough, fever, weight loss, and night sweats are more typical of TB.
Choice B rationale:
Headache is not a common symptom of TB. While TB can cause systemic symptoms like fever and fatigue, it does not typically cause headaches unless there are complications involving the central nervous system, which is relatively rare.
Choice C rationale:
Hematuria, which is the presence of blood in the urine, is not a symptom commonly associated with TB. TB primarily affects the respiratory system and is not known to cause urinary symptoms.
Choice D rationale:
Cough is a hallmark symptom of tuberculosis. It is usually a productive cough that lasts for several weeks or longer, with the possibility of producing sputum that may be bloody or purulent. Cough is a key indicator for healthcare providers to suspect TB and order appropriate testing.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A skin test result with an induration of 10 mm is considered positive in certain populations, indicating an active TB infection. These populations include people with known close contact with TB-infected individuals, HIV-positive individuals, recent immigrants from high-prevalence countries, and those with chest X-ray findings consistent with previous TB. The positive result means that the person has been exposed to the TB bacteria and has developed a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the purified protein derivative (PPD) injected during the skin test.
Choice B rationale:
A negative reaction, indicating no TB infection, would typically be a skin induration of less than 5 mm. In this case, with an induration of 10 mm, a negative reaction can be ruled out.
Choice C rationale:
An induration of 10 mm is not considered an inconclusive result. Inconclusive results are usually associated with very small indurations or circumstances where there is uncertainty about the interpretation of the test.
Choice D rationale:
A borderline reaction is not typically associated with TB testing. Borderline reactions are less specific and are not commonly used to interpret the results of TB skin tests.
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