A nurse is gathering data from a client who has peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following findings is a sign of gastrointestinal perforation?

Bradycardia

Hyperactive bowel sounds

Severe upper abdominal pain

Report of epigastric fullness

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not typically a sign of gastrointestinal perforation in peptic ulcer disease25.
Choice B rationale
Hyperactive bowel sounds are not typically a sign of gastrointestinal perforation in peptic ulcer disease25.
Choice C rationale
Severe upper abdominal pain is a common sign of gastrointestinal perforation in peptic ulcer disease25. The pain is often sudden and severe, and it may spread to the back or shoulder.
Choice D rationale
A report of epigastric fullness is not typically a sign of gastrointestinal perforation in peptic ulcer disease25.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Assuring the patient that the problem is temporary may not be accurate. Postoperative dysphagia could indicate a complication from the surgery, such as the stomach fundus being wrapped too tight around the esophagus, causing food obstruction. It’s important to not dismiss the patient’s concerns without proper assessment.
Choice B rationale
Cutting the food into small pieces might help the patient swallow easier, but it does not address the underlying issue. The patient’s difficulty in swallowing could be a sign of a serious problem that needs medical attention.
Choice C rationale
Reporting the observation to the healthcare provider (HCP) is the correct action. After the repair of a paraesophageal hernia, dysphagia should be reported to the HCP. The corrective fundoplication surgery may have the stomach fundus wrapped too tight around the esophagus, causing food obstruction.
Choice D rationale

Offering the patient liquids instead might alleviate the symptom temporarily, but it does not solve the potential problem. The healthcare provider needs to be informed about the dysphagia to assess and treat the possible complication.

A. Moderate sedation B. Local anesthesia C. Regional anesthesia D. General anesthesia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Moderate sedation is commonly used for colonoscopies. It provides adequate comfort and relaxation for the patient during the procedure, while allowing them to breathe on their own.
Choice B rationale

Local anesthesia is not typically used for colonoscopies. It numbs a specific area of the body and would not provide sufficient comfort or relaxation for a colonoscopy.
Choice C rationale
Regional anesthesia, such as spinal or epidural anesthesia, is not typically used for colonoscopies. It blocks pain in a larger area of the body than local anesthesia, but is more commonly used for surgeries rather than diagnostic procedures like colonoscopies.
Choice D rationale
General anesthesia is rarely used for colonoscopies. It causes complete unconsciousness and is typically reserved for more invasive or lengthy surgical procedures.

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A nurse is gathering data from a client who has peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following findings is a sign of gastrointestinal perforation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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