A nurse is implementing a bladder training program for a client who had a stroke. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take first?

Determine the client's pattern for voiding

Discourage intake of carbonated beverages.

Assist the client with relaxation techniques.

Offer toileting opportunities every 1 to 2 hr.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Explanation: The first step in bladder training is to assess the client's baseline bladder function and identify factors that may affect it, such as fluid intake, medications, or mobility issues. The other interventions are part of bladder training but should be implemented after assessment.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is choice D. Decreased hemoglobin.

Choice A rationale:

Cigarette smoking typically causes an increase in blood pressure due to the nicotine’s stimulating effects on the cardiovascular system, not a decrease.

Choice B rationale:

Smoking is more likely to cause tachycardia (increased heart rate) rather than bradycardia (decreased heart rate) because nicotine stimulates the release of adrenaline.

Choice C rationale:

Somnolence (drowsiness) is not a common adverse effect of cigarette smoking. Smoking usually has a stimulating effect due to nicotine.

Choice D rationale:

Decreased hemoglobin can occur as a result of smoking because it can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory issues, which can impair oxygen transport in the blood. Additionally, smoking can cause carbon monoxide to bind with hemoglobin, reducing its oxygen-carrying capacity.

A. Fruity breath odor B. Clammy skin C. Bounding pulse D. Elevated blood pressure

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is A. Fruity breath odor. This is caused by the presence of acetone, a byproduct of fat metabolism, in the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a condition where the body cannot use glucose as a fuel source due to insulin deficiency or resistance, and resorts to breaking down fat for energy, resulting in ketone production and acidosis. Clammy skin, bounding pulse and elevated blood pressure are signs of a hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS), another complication of diabetes that is characterized by severe dehydration and hyperglycemia without significant ketosis or acidosis.

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A nurse is implementing a bladder training program for a client who had a stroke. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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